Often the limits of detection of genetically engineered organisms (GEOs, LMOs, GMOs) determine what legislation sets as thresholds of allowable contamination of the human food chain with GEOs. Many countries have legislation that is triggered by certain thresholds of contamination. Importantly, international trade in food and animal feed is becoming increasingly vulnerable to interruptions caus...

Rising populations and incomes throughout the world have boosted meat demand by over 75% in the last 20years, intensifying pressures on production systems and the natural resources to which they are linked. As a growing proportion of global meat production is traded, the environmental impacts of production become increasingly separated from where the meat is consumed. In this paper, we quantify...

Of the 30 extant orders of true insect, 12 are considered to be aquatic, or semiaquatic, in either some or all of their life stages. Out of these, six orders contain species engaged in entomophagy, but very few are being harvested effectively, leading to over-exploitation and local extinction. Examples of existing practices are given, ranging from the extremes of including insects (e.g., dipter...

A ntibiotics arguably constitute one of the most important medical discoveries of the last century. Unfortunately, many antibiotics now are rapidly losing effectiveness as bacteria increasingly acquire resistance to multiple medicines. Antibiotic use is the key driver of resistance. Even with appropriate antibiotic use, some resistance will inevitably develop. Misuse and overuse of antibiotics,...

BACKGROUND Sentinel surveillance has previously been used to monitor and identify disease outbreaks in both human and animal contexts. Three approaches for the selection of sentinel sites are proposed and evaluated regarding their ability to capture overall respiratory disease trends using provincial abattoir condemnation data from all abattoirs open throughout the study for use in a sentinel s...

kwashiorkor, sterility, blindness, anemia and abnormal child birth. In order to full-fill the basic needs; many scientists have made attempts to improve the nutritional value of food crops through genetical modification. Two Scientist, Watson and Crick discovered the double helix structure of DNA which is the basis for biological revolution. Other Scientist made the transgenic modification in p...

Based on a review of the most recent available scientific evidence, the new Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 (USDA DG) provide information and advice for choosing a healthy diet. To compare the environmental impacts of, respectively, omnivorous (OMN), lacto-ovo-vegetarian (LOV) and vegan (VEG) dietary patterns as suggested in the USDA DG, we analyzed the three patterns by Life Cycle Assess...

Marine Biotechnology targets the development of novel products and processes from marine organisms, thereby seeking to contribute to human health, the food processing and animal feed industry and many other applications such as their use to generate biofuels. It also seeks better means for protecting marine habitats and restoring those that are damaged. In this sense, the First Marine Biotechno...

OBJECTIVE Our primary objective was to evaluate the effect of peer counselling by mother support groups (MSG's) in improving the infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices in the community. METHODS We conducted this repeated-measure before and after study in the Lalitpur district of Uttar Pradesh, India between 2006 and 2011. We assessed the IYCF practices before and after creating MSG's...

The Fe content in animal feeds is highly variable. The availability of Fe in feeds varies with the feed and the form in which Fe is present. The present study reports the effect of the addition of different concentrations of Fe from yeast biomass on Fe bioavailability and Fe level in rat liver, compared with a diet containing Fe-sulphate (Fe-sulphate) addition (control) and with a diet without ...