BACKGROUND The Nme gene family is involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes such as cellular differentiation, development, metastatic dissemination, and cilia functions. Despite the known importance of Nme genes and their use as clinical markers of tumor aggressiveness, the associated cellular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Over the last 20 years, several non-vertebrat...

Corals and other cnidarians house photosynthetic dinoflagellate symbionts within membrane-bound compartments inside gastrodermal cells. Nutritional interchanges between the partners produce carbohydrates and lipids for metabolism, growth, energy stores, and cellular structures. Although lipids play a central role in the both the energetics and the structural/morphological features of the symbio...

A narrow window of optimal spring temperatures limits anemone (Anemone coronaria L.) cut flower production in the US Intermountain West, where fall plantings risk winter injury and are limited by summer dormancy. Regional management recommendations needed to improve harvest timing yield for growers USDA hardiness zones 6 below (average annual minimum −18 °C). The aim this research was optimize ...

We present a detailed examination of the features of the Ac-3 tive Region (AR) NOAA 10798. This AR generated coronal mass ejections 4 (CMEs) that caused a large geomagnetic storm on 24 August 2005 with the 5 minimum Dst index of −216 nT. We examined the evolution of the AR and 6 the features on/near the solar surface and in the interplanetary space. The 7 AR emerged in the middle of a small cor...

Article history: In nature, parasite transmis Received 18 March 2008 Received in revised form 15 September 2008 Accepted 16 September 2008

We have characterized the effects of BgII and BgIII, two sea anemone peptides with almost identical sequences (they only differ by a single amino acid), on neuronal sodium currents using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Neurons of dorsal root ganglia of Wistar rats (P5-9) in primary culture (Leibovitz's L15 medium; 37 degrees C, 95% air/5% CO2) were used for this study (n = 154). These cel...

When natural clonal aggregations of the sea anemone Anthopleura elegantissima expand and encounter other clones they can form distinctive anemone-free zones, several centimetres across. Contact between isolated pairs of nonclonemate polyps often triggers a directed, aggressive response via deployment of fighting tentacles (acrorhagi), suggesting that agonistic interactions between polyps arraye...