The Office of the educational material’s approval is responsible for approving educational material. The approval process does not include use of the material by students. The productivity of educational products is unknown. The goal of this article is to find a way to calculate the productivity and efficiency of an educational product, to improve it in order to provide a truly effective tool. ...

Biographical essay about the famous Soviet and Russian human geographer S.B. Shlikhter worked near 30 years in Institute of Geography Academy Sciences. He was born Moscow 1931 graduated from State University 1954. has been specialist field transportation geography, infrastructure economic geography World Ocean, integration European countries. The first two decades his creative life have devoted...

Baud-rate blind equalization algorithms may converge to undesirable stable equi-libria due to diierent reasons. One is the use of FIR lter as an equalizer. It is proved in this paper that this kind of local minima exist for all blind equalization algorithms. The local minima generated by this mechanism are thus called unavoidable local minima. The other one is due to the cost function adopted b...

In this paper we propose for the real and two independent quadrature carrier cases, a closed-form approximated expression for the achievable residual Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI). The expression depends on the step-size parameter, equalizer’s tap length, equalized output gain, input signal statistics, channel power and SNR. This expression is valid for blind adaptive equalizers where the err...