differs, and to apply those techniques for Chinese It is very important to perform a full-text retrieval search of document information accumulated in the past. Although the retrieval technologies for ascii teM documents have been established, the highly precise character retrieval from the image based documents such as a bitmap image is not easy. In this paper, a word retrieval technique for a...

abstract the present study was an attempt to investigate the relationship between efl learners’ anxiety and writing complexity. for the purpose of the study, 70 female learners, between 17 and 24 years old (mean=20) from najm language school in tehran participated in the study. the participants’ level of anxiety was measured using horwitz, horwitz, and cope’s anxiety questionnaire (1986) and th...

This study investigated the effects of blog-mediated instruction on English-as-a-foreign language (EFL) learners’ writing performance and anxiety. In addition, it aimed to probe into the EFL learners’ attitudes towards blog-mediated writing instruction. The participants of the study included forty-six Iranian EFL learners from two intact university classes, who were randomly assigned to the Con...

not take the place of a standardized logistic regression coefficient for valuating the strength of the influences of the independent variables on the dependent variable, relative to one another.” The strength of each independent variable cannot be judged based on the magnitude of the OR, so that a larger OR for one independent variable might not have a stronger association than a smaller OR for...

Few medical journals specifically instruct authors to use the active voice and avoid the passive voice, but advice to that effect is common in the large number of stylebooks and blogs aimed at medical and scientific writers. Such advice typically revolves around arguments that the passive voice is less clear, less direct, and less concise than the active voice, that it conceals the identity of ...

The objectives of this study were (a) to examine the writing performance of L2 learners on the level-specific tasks based on Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) and (b) to study the likely difference between students' self-assessed level of writing and those reported by raters. The study was conducted with 138 Iranian students at BA and MA levels in Alborz Institute of Higher Educatio...

This paper is a part of a larger study that examines the development of students' English writing skills during the transition from school education to higher education in Syria, where English is a foreign language. The main objective of this paper is exploring teaching practices affect students transition from one level to the next via obtaining students' perceptions about writing, challenges ...

the purpose of the present study is to develop appropriate scoring scales for each of the defined stages of the writing process, and also to determine to what extent these scoring scales can reliably and validly assess the performances of efl learners in an academic writing task. two hundred and two students’ writing samples were collected after a step-by-step process oriented essay writing ins...

User-generated contents (UGC) such as online reviews are inherently incomplete since we do not capture the opinions of users who do not write a review. These silent users may have systematically different online experiences than those who speak up. These differences can be driven by users‟ differing sentiments towards their online experiences as well as their disposition to generate UGC. Indisc...

This paper is a part of a larger study that examines the development of students' English writing skills during the transition from school education to higher education in Syria, where English is a foreign language. The main objective of this paper is exploring teaching practices affect students transition from one level to the next via obtaining students' perceptions about writing, challenges ...