Various binary and non-binary modulation techniques, in conjunction with appropriate detection techniques, are compared in terms of their spectral efficiencies and signal-to-noise ratio requirements, assuming amplified spontaneous emission is the dominant noise source. These include (a) pulse-amplitude modulation with direct detection, (b) differential phase-shift keying with interferometric de...

In this issue of Clinical Cancer Research , Bayliss et al. (1) report that inhibiting inherent p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity in estrogen receptor (ER) a–negative breast cancer established cell lines, and in ex vivo tissue and primary cultures of human ER-negative breast tumors, frequently results in re-expression of ER as well as in recovery of tumor cell responsivenes...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Our unit started to use routine multimodal techniques to enhance recovery for hip and knee arthroplasty in 2008. We have previously reported earlier discharge, a trend toward a reduction in complications, and a statistically significant reduction in mortality up to 90 days after surgery. In this study, we evaluated the same cohort to determine whether survival benefits we...

Objective(s): This paper describes synthesisPolyvinyl Alcohol/CaF2:Er nanofibers because of  its  photoluminescence properties.Materials and Methods:  First, CaF2:Er nanocomposite synthesized with co-precipitation method. In order to prepare polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CaF2:Er nanofibers, CaF2:Er nanocomposites were added to the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer. PVA/CaF2:Er composite nanofibers were...

The present work concerns on the investigation of the role of polyethylene glycols (PEGs) as masking agent for amelioration of extraction-separation of La(III), Eu(III) and Er(III) ions by the acidic extractant bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (DEHPA). The studied solvent extraction system is based on the combination of chelating effect of DEHPA in the organic phase on the one hand, and the bin...

Simultaneous recovery of copper and DCA from simulated MEUF concentrated stream was investigated. Effects of surfactant (DCA) and metal (copper) concentrations, surfactant to metal molar ratio (S/M ratio), electroplating voltage, EDTA concentration, solution pH, and salt concentration on metal recovery and current efficiency were studied. Electric voltage of -0.5 V was shown to be optimum opera...

It has been shown previously that a short sequence from the 5' regulatory region of the Xenopus laevis vitellogenin gene A2, when appropriately placed, can confer estrogen responsiveness to another gene. Using the Xenopus sequence and similar sequences from the 5' regulatory regions of other estrogen-responsive genes, we derived a consensus sequence 38 nucleotides long. The sequence contains an...

The dynamic stability of a composite plate with external electrorheological (ER) damper subjected to an axial periodic load is investigated. Electrorheological fluids are a class of smart materials, which exhibit reversible changes in mechanical properties when subjected to an electric field. As a result, the dynamic behavior of the structure is changed. The ER damper is used for suppressing th...

Improving productivity in emergency services and managing limited resources of emergency room(ER) are key challenges for health managers of oil industry. One critical and costly resource is ER personnel  and its lack can lead to long queue of patients. Thus appropriate scheduling for nurses and physicians can help ER managers to  get maximum benefit of their current human resource and reduce th...