one very decisive factor in students’ academic destiny is the result they get at final term examinations. because of its importance, both students and teachers are curiously anxious about them. as normally it is the case, these final term tests are prepared hurriedly in short time by teachers which result in students’ dissatisfaction, complaining on how the test was different from their expecta...

abstract cooperative learning refers to small groups of learners working together as a team to solve a problem, complete a task, or accomplish a common goal. in a cooperative environment one’s success is directly related to the success of other members because the focus on the individual shifts towards the group. to test the effectiveness of the method, using jigsaw technique, a study was cond...

One of the most important issues of human being has been health that depends on many factors. Knowledge and wisdom is one of the factors affecting the physical, psychological, and especially social health of the individual. A wise person in his individual and social behaviors uses the best practices and the less harmful behavior, choice and action. Successful life and social well-being of the i...

The purpose of this research was to design a model of social loafing in order to understand its dimensions, effective factors, and consequences in refining and distribution department of oil industry. The data collection was carried out through topic literature and semi-structured interviews with industry experts in the field of group activities by snowball method. Thematic Analysis method (com...

the space now known as complete erdos space ec was introduced by paul erdos in 1940 as the closed subspace of the hilbert space ?2 consisting of all vectors such that every coordinate is in the convergent sequence {0} ? { 1 n : n ? n}. in a solution to a problem posed by lex g. oversteegen we present simple and useful topological characterizations of ec. as an application we determine the ...

the issue of curriculum and syllabus evaluation and revision has been in center of attention right from when curriculum came into attention of educational institutions. thus everywhere in the world in educational institutions curricula and syllabi are evaluated and revised based on the goals, the needs, existing content, etc.. in iran any curriculum is designed in a committee of specialists and...