Monobromination of 1,5-cyclooctadiene, followed by cyclopropanation with ethyl diazoacetate, led to the formation of endo and exo ethyl 4,5-dibromobicyclo[6.1.0]nonane-9-carboxylates 3a and 3b. Bis-dehydrobromination of 3a and 3b using 1,8-diazabicyclo[5,4,0]undec-7-ene (DBU) afforded the endo and exo ethyl bicyclo[6.1.0]nona-3,5-diene-9-carboxylates 4a and 4b. Reduction of these compounds to t...

The title compound 1-exo (with minor amounts of its C8 epimer 1-endo) was prepared by Wolff-Kishner reduction of the cycloadduct of 1,3-cyclohexadiene and cyclopropylketene. The [1,3]-migration product 2-endo was synthesized by efficient selective cyclopropanation of endo-5-vinylbicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-ene at the exocyclic π-bond. Gas phase thermal reactions of 1-exo afforded C8 epimerization to 1-...

Currently, full body exoskeletons still lack movability in their back and shoulder parts, resulting in limited applicability in, e.g., nursing care. An exoskeletal spine and shoulder mechanism called “exo-spine” has therefore been developed with the purpose of allowing 3 degree of freedom (DOF) spinal motion and 2 DOF shoulder girdle abduction. It consists of a mechanism of vertebras, shoulder ...

A two-molecule chitinolytic enzyme system (endoand exo-chitinase) hydrolyzes and degrades the chitin polymers. Therefore, it is imperative to discover novel compounds for inhibiting chitinolytic enzymes to prevent insect growth. This research examined the effect of pentoxifylline (a dimethylxanthine chitinase inhibitor) on inhibition of endoand exo-chitinolytic enzyme activities in eastern subt...

The conformational analysis of ethylene-norbornene chains (E-N) has been carried out using AM1, MM2, AMBER and OPLS methods taking into consideration the possibility of binding the ethylene monomers to norbornene monomers at various positions, i.e. exo-exo, exo-endo, endo-endo. The chain that is formed by connecting exo-endo positions of the monomers has lower torsional barrier energy than thos...

Diluted arrays of many optical apertures will be able to provide high-resolution snapshot images if the beams are combined according to the densified-pupil scheme. We show that the same principle can also provide coronagraphic images, for detecting faint sources near a bright unresolved one. Recent refinements of coronagraphic techniques, i.e. the use of a phase mask, active apodization and dar...

Only 30-50 yo of the cell-bound penicillinase of Bacillus cereus NRRL 569 is neutralized by antiserum prepared against the exo-penicillinase. The unneutralizable fraction is not decreased by cell disintegration which liberates a proportion of the cell-bound enzyme into solution. Absence of neutralization cannot therefore be explained by the existence of a mechanical barrier which prevents acces...

Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP/6-31+G∗ level have been performed on 5-thiabicyclo[2.1.1]hex-2-ene S-oxide derivatives. The geometrical and electronic properties of the compounds have been analyzed in order to explain the favored stability of the exo configuration. Isodesmic reactions at the Gaussian-G2 theory yielded the exo conformer as the most stable one. Moreover,...

We have observed an unusually strong X-ray burst as a part of our regular eclipse timing observations of the lowmass binary system EXO 0748 676. The burst peak flux was 5:2 ; 10 8 ergs cm s , approximately 5 times the normal peak X-ray burst flux observed from this source by RXTE. Spectral fits to the data strongly suggest that photospheric radius expansion occurred during the burst. In this pa...

To determine whether the relative utilization of exogenous carbohydrate (CHO(exo)) differs between children and adults, substrate utilization during 60 min of cycling at 70% peak O(2) uptake was studied in 12 pre- and early pubertal boys (9.8 +/- 0.1 yr) and 10 men (22.1 +/- 0.5 yr) on two occasions. Subjects consumed either a placebo or a (13)C-enriched 6% CHO(exo) beverage (total volume per t...