CONTEXT Contraceptive prevalence is very low in Senegal, particularly among young women. Greater knowledge is needed about the barriers young women face to using contraceptives, including barriers imposed by health providers. METHODS Survey data collected in 2011 for the evaluation of the Urban Reproductive Health Initiative in Senegal were used to examine contraceptive use, method mix, unmet...

one of the important problems in the urban development process in the world has been land use and planning for urban sustainability. considering this important issue, this study investigates spatial analysis and urban land use planning in dogonbadan. this research is applied- analytical and by applying land extension index and hensen model intends to study and plan urban land use in this city. ...

Sustainable development is a key component in urban studies. Earth Observation (EO) can play a valuable role in sustainable urban development and planning, since it represents a powerful data source with the potential to provide a number of relevant urban sustainability indicators. To this end, in this paper we propose a conceptual list of EO-based indicators capable of supporting urban plannin...

configuration of urban land use arrangement system, how to divide and how to use urban lands are advantages of environmental, economic, social, politic and rightly forces. with extension of urbanization and development of urban and regional planning, this concept is more widely hold a special place in the form of projects such as: land preparation, framework planning, general and comprehensive,...

Stresses present in different forms and call for subtly different responses. Conventional modes of planning seek to render such stressors manageable by administering them discretely. This has generally resulted in a segregated approach to spatial planning wherein functional delineations have become institutionally ‘sedimented’ within planning authorities (flood risk management, open space deman...

urban design and landscape architecture are considered as modern art (knowledge) which are developed through integration of various art and science fields of studies. formal emergence of urban design in 60s and landscape design is occurred at the beginning of 20th century. the success of these two fields is because of their attention to environmental qualities upgrade in public and open spac...

there has been extensive debates about the similarities and differences between urban planning educations in developed versus developing counties. some believe that increasing interdependence among nations, an ever greater need for cross – cultural cooperation,  is required to close the gap in skill and knowledge between developed and developing countries and shrinking international borders mak...