Atmospheric circulation is a key driver of climate variability, and the representation atmospheric modes in regional models (RCMs) can enhance credibility projections. This study examines large-scale Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project phase 5 RCMs once driven by ERA-Interim, two general (GCMs). The region Western Europe are classified using Promax rotated T-mode principal component analysis...

[1] Climate change impact assessment on water resources with downscaled General Circulation Model (GCM) simulation output is characterized by uncertainty due to incomplete knowledge about the underlying geophysical processes of global change (GCM uncertainties) and due to uncertain future scenarios (scenario uncertainties). Disagreement between different GCMs and scenarios in regional climate c...

The influence of ocean–atmosphere interaction on the wintertime Arctic oscillation (AO) is investigated using a hierarchy of experiments made with two general circulation models (GCMs), ranging from climatologically forced atmospheric to fully coupled ocean–atmosphere GCMs with increasing greenhouse gas concentrations. Both GCMs reproduce well the AO spatial pattern, defined by the leading hemi...

The principal tools used to model future climate change are General Circulation Models which are deterministic high resolution bottom-up models of the global atmosphere-ocean system that require large amounts of supercomputer time to generate results. But are these models a cost-effective way of predicting future climate change at the global level? In this paper we use modern econometric techni...

[1] Key climate feedback due to water vapor and clouds rest largely on how relative humidity R changes in a warmer climate, yet this has not been extensively analyzed in models. General circulation models (GCMs) from the CMIP3 archive and several higher‐ resolution atmospheric GCMs examined here generally predict a characteristic pattern of R trend with global temperature that has been reported...

Studies of the effect of climate change on fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air quality using general circulation models (GCMs) show inconsistent results including in the sign of the effect. This reflects uncertainty in the GCM simulations of the regional meteorological variables affecting PM2.5. Here we use the CMIP3 archive of data from fifteen different IPCC AR4 GCMs to obtain improved statis...

Standardization of herbal drugs is the need of the hour as the use and practice of traditional herbal drugs has increased tremendously. The main objective of the present study is to standardize the root tubers of Aconitum heterophyllum as per pharmacopoeial testing protocol which include powder microscopy, physico-chemical screening, HPTLC fingerprinting and GC-MS analysis. Preliminary phytoche...

OCTOBER 2003 AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY | G reat effort is continually being made to improve the parameterization of clouds in global circulation models (GCMs), and as a result the physical realism of cloud parameterizations has been improved considerably. Almost all GCMs now use a prognostic equation to represent the evolution of cloud condensate (e.g., Sundqvist 1978; del Genio et al. 19...

The species Petroselinum crispum (Parsley) and Foeniculum vulgare (Fennel) are aromatic herbs belonging to the Apiaceae Lamiaceae family respectively. leaves of both plants were consecutively extracted based on separation using ethanol subjected phytochemical testing that revealed presence biologically active compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids glyco...