Reliability of systems used in spa e, avioni and biomedi al appli ations is highly riti al. Su h systems onsist of an analog front-end to olle t data, an ADC to onvert the olle ted data to digital form and a digital unit to pro ess it. The reliability of these systems is a e ted by the ability of its onstituent blo ks to tolerate faults. Therefore, it is ne essary to in rease the reliability of...

Analog and mixed-signal integrated circuits (IC’s) are rapidly becoming more complex. In addition to the traditional problems associated with testing IC’s, such as limited controllability and observability, analog and mixed-signal test is vulnerable to measurement induced errors. Constraints on measuring analog signals significantly increase the complexity and cost of testers for such circuits....

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability of ultrasound measurements by analyzing the relative reliability and absolute reliability when measuring soft tissue thickness around the shoulder joint. [Subjects and Methods] Eleven healthy young adults (22 shoulders) participated in this study. Thickness of the supraspinatus tendon, subacromial bursa, and biceps tendon was me...

The biochemical diagnosis of male hypogonadism remains a controversial issue. The problem is compounded by the variety of laboratory assays available to measure serum testosterone (T) and the limited understanding, among clinicians, of their relative diagnostic validity. It is widely accepted that only the testosterone not bound to sex hormonebounding globulin is metabolically active. Therefore...

Measurement error and reliability are two important psychometric properties for large-scale assessments. Generalizability theory has often been used to identify sources of error and to estimate score reliability. The complicated nature of sparse matrix data collection designs in some assessments, however, can cause challenges in conducting generalizability analyses. The present study examines p...

Analog and mixed-signal integrated circuits are rapidly becoming more complex. In addition to the traditional problems associated with testing ICs, such as limited controllability and observability, analog and mixed-signal test is vulnerable to measurement induced errors. Constraints on measuring analog signals signiicantly increase the complexity and cost of testers for such circuits. In this ...

Due to the continuously scaling down of CMOS technology, system-on-chips (SoCs) reliability becomes important in sub-90 nm CMOS node. Integrated circuits and systems applied to aerospace, avionic, vehicle transport and biomedicine are highly sensitive to reliability problems such as ageing mechanisms and parametric process variations. Novel SoCs with new materials and architectures of high comp...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Assessment of state anxiety is frequently required in clinical and research settings, but its measurement using standard multi-item inventories entails practical challenges. Such inventories are increasingly complemented by paper-and-pencil, single-item visual analog scales measuring state anxiety (VAS-A), which allow rapid assessment of current anxiety states. Compute...

In the paper, two approaches to measurements of circuit functions of analog parts of mixed-signal systems controlled by microcontrollers are presented. They base on the utilization of internal resources of the microcontrollers. The first approach uses an analog to digital converter (ADC), an analog comparator and a timer. The second one uses only the ADC and the timer. The measurement procedure...