Ampicillin-sulbactam is commonly used as an empirical therapy for invasive infections where Escherichia coli is a potential pathogen. We evaluated the clinical and microbiologic characteristics of bloodstream infection due to E. coli, with focus on cases that were nonsusceptible to ampicillin-sulbactam and not producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). Of a total of 357 unique bacteremic c...

In a prospective randomized open study, ceftriaxone, 50 mg/kg per day, was compared with ampicillin, 100 mg/kg per day, both given for a period of 5 days, for the treatment of 40 children whose mean (+/- SD) age was 4.5 +/- 3.2 years and who had severe dysentery caused by Shigella organisms. Twenty patients were treated with ceftriaxone and 20 with ampicillin. Both drugs were initially given in...

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of three ampicillin dosage regimens on ampicillin resistance among Enterobacteriaceae recovered from swine feces by use of phenotypic and genotypic approaches. Phenotypically, ampicillin resistance was determined from the percentage of resistant Enterobacteriaceae and MICs of Escherichia coli isolates. The pool of ampicillin resistance genes was al...

The activities of ampicillin, rifampin, streptomycin, and their combinations were evaluated in vitro against Streptococcus faecalis strain GK and in vivo in rats with an established pyelonephritis resulting from challenge with this same enterococcus. In vitro synergy was demonstrated between all combinations. Comparison of the log colony-forming units of S. faecalis recovered per gram of kidney...

Ampicillin ("Penbritin") has been shown to be active against the gonococcus both when used by mouth (Willcox, 1963, 1964; Alergant, 1963) and in vitro (Odegaard, 1962). Little or no published data are so far available concerning the use of the injectable sodium salt of ampicillin, which is supplied in vials in the form of a white powder in amounts equivalent to 250 or 500 mg. ampicillin. It is ...

Comparative tests in vitro for antibacterial activity were carried out with ampicillin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol using 673 clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacilli and Streptococcus faecalis. Further comparative tests were also carried out with ampicillin, chloramphenicol, colistin sulphate, colistin methane sulphonate, cycloserine, kanamycin, nitrofurantoin, polymyxin, streptomycin,...

A new chemiluminescence method using flow injection is described for the determination of four penicillins, namely: phenoxymethylpenicillin potassium, amoxicillin, ampicillin, and ampicillin sodium. The method is based on sensitizing effect of these drugs on the chemiluminescence reaction of potassium permanganate in sulfuric acid with glyoxal. The different experimental parameters affecting th...

Twenty-five patients undergoing elective intraabdominal surgery received either 1 or 2 g of ampicillin together with 1 g of sulbactam intravenously before surgery. The peritoneal levels of the agent were measured. Both compounds penetrated peritoneal fluid readily; the mean percentage of penetration by ampicillin was 92%; that of sulbactam was 96%. After 1 g of each agent, the peritoneal levels...

OBJECTIVES The objective of this multicentre study was to define the accuracy and reproducibility of the NCCLS disc diffusion method for Haemophilus influenzae against ampicillin and co-amoxiclav in Finnish clinical microbiology laboratories. Special attention was paid to the ability of the laboratories to detect beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant (BLNAR) strains. METHODS Three BLNA...