Immune challenges during early development, including those vaccine-induced, can lead to permanent detrimental alterations of the brain and immune function. Experimental evidence also shows that simultaneous administration of as little as two to three immune adjuvants can overcome genetic resistance to autoimmunity. In some developed countries, by the time children are 4 to 6 years old, they wi...

About 30% of the world's ice-free land area is occupied by acid soils. In soils with pH below 5, aluminum (Al) releases to the soil solution, and becomes highly toxic for plants. Therefore, breeding of varieties that are resistant to Al is needed. Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is grown worldwide for fiber and seed production. Al toxicity in acid soils is a serious problem for flax cultivation. ...

Problem statement: Aluminum (Al) is an indifferent element from a toxicological point of view. In recent years, however, Al has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several clinical disorders. One of the most frequently described problem in aluminum toxicity is anemia. The present study was carried out to determine the effectiveness of Camel’s milk in alleviating the toxicity of aluminum chlo...

Field trials were carried out in order to examine the role of some geochemical indices (S : Al; Mg : Al) and partition coefficient (Kd) for evaluating response of crops to aluminum toxicity under acid soil conditions. They were established in 2007/2008 at Gluszyna Lesna (52014, N and 16056, E), a 300-hectare agricultural farm near Poznan. Two different crop plants were tested: (i) winter oilsee...

Metals are the major pollutants in aquatic environment. A lot of research literature is available globally about accumulation of heavy metals in aquatic ecosystems as well as in different body organs of aquatic animals, especially fish. Heavy metals mainly generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in aquatic animals that lead to oxidative stress production. ROS cause oxidative damage to different ...

The mineralization of 1.0 to 100 ng each of four complexing compounds-oxalate, citrate, nitrilotriacetate (NTA), and EDTA-per ml was tested in media prepared in accordance with equilibrium calculations by a computer program so that the H, Ca, Mg, Fe, or Al complex (chemical species) was predominant. Sewage microorganisms mineralized calcium citrate more rapidly than iron, aluminum, or hydrogen ...

We investigated the relationship between the toxic effects of metal wear particles and their ability to stimulate the release of inflammatory mediators implicated in bone resorption. In vitro studies were carried out with use of rat peritoneal macrophages, which were exposed to either cobalt-chromium-alloy or titanium-aluminum-vanadium particles, milled from the metal components of hip prosthes...