there is an inherently political activity in all transactions, therefore, it is considered as one of the constituent elements of the organizations and has attracted the attention of management researchers. although political behavior can have positive or negative consequences, much of the research focuses its dark side. this type of behavior creates a divisive and damaging work environment that...

We address how independent variables of inherently different sizes across units, e.g., small vs. large industries, in panel regression is an advantage interpretively. Analyzing a Norwegian industry panel, we find that wage inequality function size, particularly size increase, absolute number firms. A possible reason specialized skilled employees negotiate higher wages when there are many legal ...

A simple formulation of a stable high internal phase emulsion of dicyclopentadiene which is cured by using properly selected ring opening metathesis polymerization initiators yields highly porous monolithic materials with paramount mechanical properties and the possibility of easy functionalisation.

To build a distributed operating system the microkernel approach is the most popular. To build an adaptable operating system a minimal microkernel is preferred. But for an adaptable and exible distributed operating system the previous approaches are not enough because they create an artiicial barrier to OS distribution and harm system transparency and adaptability. This paper describes the impl...

We report measurements with a micromachined mechanical biosensor that inherently suppresses background effects by producing a differential signal with respect to a reference. The sensor comprises two adjacent cantilevers with interdigitated fingers between them that allow interferometric detection of the differential, i.e., relative bending. We demonstrate that differential detection can effici...

Allowing many processors to work in parallel offers no significant speedup when computing the rank of a finitely generated free group. Stallings’ folding process, an algorithm for simplifying a directed edgelabeled graph, when applied to those graphs that represent finitely generated free groups, provides a graph-theoretic method for computing the rank of that group. Does adding more processors...

In this work we study classes of optimization problems that require inherently sequential algorithms to solve exactly but permit highly parallel algorithms for approximation solutions. NC is the class of computational problems decidable by a logarithmic space uniform family of Boolean circuits of bounded fan-in, polynomial size, and polylogarithmic depth. Such problems are considered both “effi...

Recent years have seen a number of challenges to social stability and order, ranging from terrorist attacks and natural disasters to epidemics such as AIDS and SARS. Such challenges have generated specific policy responses, such as enhanced security at transportation hubs and planned deployment of a global tsunami detection network. However, the range of challenges and the practical impossibili...

The concept of linear-time verification with an inherent fairness condition has been studied under the names approximate satisfaction, satisfaction up to liveness, and satisfaction within fairness in several publications. Even though proving the general applicability of the approach, reasonably efficient algorithms for inherently fair linear-time verification (IFLTV) are lacking. This paper bri...