Increased uric acid levels are correlated with cardiovascular disease, particularly with ischaemic heart disease. Xanthine oxidase inhibitors, especially allopurinol, lower the risk of ischaemic heart disease due to their effects on reactive oxygen species and endothelial function. In chronic stable angina pectoris, allopurinol increases the median time to ST depression, time to chest pain, and...

BACKGROUND The thiopurine drugs, azathioprine and mercaptopurine (MP), are established treatments for IBD. However, therapeutic failure caused by adverse drug reactions occurs frequently. AIM To study combination of allopurinol with reduced-dose thiopurine in an attempt to avoid adverse drug reactions in the treatment of IBD. METHODS Patients with drug reactions to full-dose thiopurines wer...

We evaluated the combination effect of the alkalizer citrate with the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol on renal function and uric acid in patients with hyperuricemia associated with obesity and/or metabolic syndrome (MetS), who were extracted from among the subjects enrolled in a prospective randomized controlled study aimed at assessing the efficacy of such a combination for improving re...

BACKGROUND Previous observational studies that have examined the association of allopurinol with myocardial infarction (MI) have provided contradictory results. One study showed that allopurinol reduced the risk, while another study showed an increased risk with allopurinol. Therefore, our objective was to assess whether allopurinol use is associated with a reduction in the risk of MI in the el...

It is widely recognized that L-NAME exposed rats develop myocardial fibrosis and hypertrophy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of xanthine oxidase (XO) to these phenomena using allopurinol, isolated or associated with olmesartan. Thirty adult male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (n=6) and studied for 5 weeks: L group (L-NAME, 40mg/kg/day); L+A group (L-NAME and allo...

BACKGROUND Previous studies of allopurinol and stroke risk have provided contradictory findings, ranging from a protective effect to an increased risk. Our objective was to assess whether allopurinol use is associated with the risk of stroke in the elderly. METHODS We used the 5 % random sample of Medicare beneficiaries from 2006-2012 to study the association of new allopurinol initiation and...

Allopurinol lowers blood pressure in adolescents and has other vasoprotective effects. Whether similar benefits occur in older individuals remains unclear. We hypothesized that allopurinol is associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes in older adults with hypertension. Data from the United Kingdom Clinical Research Practice Datalink were used. Multivariate Cox-proportional hazard models w...

BACKGROUND Gout gives rise to increased risk of cardiovascular events. Gout attacks can be effectively prevented with urate lowering drugs, and allopurinol potentially reduces cardiovascular risk. What target level of urate is required to reduce cardiovascular risk is not known. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of achieving target plasma urate with allopurinol on cardiovascular outcomes i...

Allopurinol is the most popular commercially available xanthine oxidase inhibitor and it is widely used for treatment of symptomatic hyperuricaemia, or gout. Although, several anti-inflammatory actions of allopurinol have been demonstrated in vivo and in vitro, there have been few studies on the action of allopurinol on T cells. In the current study, we have assessed the effect of allopurinol o...