RATIONALE Arterial calcification and osteoporosis are associated in postmenopausal women. RANK (the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB), RANKL (RANK ligand), and osteoprotegerin are key proteins in bone metabolism and have been found at the site of aortic calcification. The role of these proteins in vasculature, as well as the contribution of estrogen to vascular calcification, is poor...

Spermatogonial Stem Cell (SSC) technologies provide multiple opportunities for research in the field of biotechnology and regenerative medicine. The therapeutic use of Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs) is restricted due to severe ethical and immunological concerns. Therefore, we need a new pluripotent cell type. Despite well-known role of germ cells in the gametogenesis, some facts apparently show th...

The pattern of the onset of osteogenesis in each of the skeletal elements of the developing limbs of the chick embryo is described using Alizarin-red-stained whole mounts. Grafting experiments where 6-day unossified cartilage rudiments are placed into 4-day host wings show the initiation of ossification to be a programmed event. Truncation experiments show this to be the case not only for the i...

Copyright: 2014 The PLOS ONE Staff. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Figure 4. The D1 cells are multipotent. The D1 cells were stained with DAPI and phalloidin to visualize cell morphology (A). ...

Transparency technique to demonstrate cartilage and skeleton has been used from years 70. This consists basically of the muscle digestion through an enzyme (trypsine), and the staining of cartilage and skeleton using alcian blue and alizarin red on specimens previously fixed to formalin. This technique can be used to study the state of the cartilage and the bones in different stages of the deve...

background: adipose-derived stem cells (adsc) could be an appealing alternative to bone marrow stem cells (bmsc) for engineering cell-based osteoinductive grafts. meanwhile, prior studies have demonstrated that melatonin can stimulate osteogenic differentiation. therefore, we assayed and compared the melatonin effect on osteogenic differentiation of bmsc with that of adsc. methods: mesenchymal ...

The cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide enhances the fluorescence intensity of both molybdenum and tungsten complexes obtained with Alizarin Red S. This characteristic has been used for a sensitive simultaneous spectrofluorimetric determination of both ions over the range 32-4000 ng/ml and 49-2500 ng/ml for Mo and W, respectively. Good selectivity is achieved applying the wel...