Pax7 is a member of the highly conserved Pax gene family that is expressed in restricted zones of the central nervous system (CNS) during development, being involved in early brain regionalization and the maintenance of the regional identity. Using sensitive immunohistochemical techniques we have analyzed the spatiotemporal pattern of Pax7 expression in the brain of the anuran amphibian Xenopus...

BACKGROUND Lateral crural strut graft has been used in rhinoplasty to correct deformities such as bulbous nasal tip, lateral crus malposition, alar retraction, collapsed external valve, lateral crus concavity, and alar deformity after domal suture. Despite its widespread use, the lateral crural strut graft has not been the subject of studies that show its benefits objectively and statistically....

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the aesthetic and functional outcomes of a full-thickness skin graft and a separately harvested auricular cartilage graft for nasal alar defects created by Mohs micrographic surgery. DESIGN Twenty patients with deep Mohs micrographic surgery defects of the nasal ala who underwent reconstruction with a full-thickness skin graft and an auricular cartilage graft were prospe...

Plant growth retardants Alar (dimethylhydrazide of succinic acid) and its structural analogue MEIA (β-monomethyl ester of itaconic acid) at a concentration 2000mg/l sprayed at the fourth true leaf stage of tobacco seedlings caused identical retardation in stem growth from the second till the tenth day after treatment. Soluble peroxidase activity in stems of the treated plants increased on the s...

OBJECTIVE To define baseline aesthetic dimensions of the nasal aperture in 3 different racial groups. METHODS Healthy volunteers from 3 different racial groups (15 white, 15 Chinese, and 15 Indian men) were enrolled in the study at the Department of Otolaryngology, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland. Those with a history of nasal or facial surgery or trauma were excluded from the study. I...

OBJECTIVE To determine the usefulness of a triple-flap technique for repair of large zone 2 Mohs defects of the nose. METHODS The triple-flap technique was performed on 10 fresh adult cadaver heads that had been injected intravascularly with blue dye. Two distances were measured and recorded: (1) the distance from the most lateral portion of the alar crease to the transverse facial artery; an...

The Olig3 gene encodes a bHLH factor that is expressed in the ventricular zone of the dorsal alar plate of the hindbrain. We found that the Olig3(+) progenitor domain encompassed subdomains that co-expressed Math1, Ngn1, Mash1 and Ptf1a. Olig3(+) cells give rise to neuronal types in the dorsal alar plate that we denote as class A neurons. We used genetic lineage tracing to demonstrate that clas...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate changes in the soft tissue width of the nose induced by rapid maxillary expansion (RME). Data on greater alar cartilage (GAC) and alar base (AB) widths were compared with a normative sample within the same age range. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study consisted of an RME sample of 79 patients treated with an RME protocol. Mean age at the start of RME treatment ...