Leachate is a contaminated liquor resulting from the disposal of solid and liquid wastes at landfill sites that must be treated before discharge. Vegetated leachate treatment planes have been used at landfill sites in the UK but have received little scientific attention. This paper describes studies of model leachate treatment planes with a focus on the removal of ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N). S...

The deposition of toxic munitions compounds, such as hexahydro-1, 3, 5-trinitro-1, 3, 5-triazine (RDX), on soils around targets in live-fire training ranges is an important source of groundwater contamination. Plants take up RDX but do not significantly degrade it. Reported here is the transformation of two perennial grass species, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) and creeping bentgrass (Agrostis...

Systematic bioassay-guided fractionation of the methylene chloride extract of the roots from Ligularia macrophylla was performed to identify both phytotoxic and antifungal compounds. Four phytotoxic eremophilanes (furanoeremophilan-14beta,6alpha-olide, 6beta-angeloyloxy-10beta-hydroxyfuranoeremophilane, eremophil-7(11)-ene-12,8alpha;14beta,6alpha-diolide, and 3alpha-angeloyloxybakkenolide A) an...

The effect of clipping management on nitrate (NO3) leaching beneath creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) has received little attention. The objective of this experiment was to examine the effects of returning grass clippings to creeping bentgrass in combination with N fertilization and irrigation on NO3 leaching. A 30-week long experiment was conducted using fairway-height creeping bent...

In 2018–2019, establishment problems were encountered, after reseeding creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) on a sand-based putting green ice encasement at the NIBIO Turfgrass Research Center, Norway. Seeds germinated, but seedlings attained purple color and died in large patches. Replacement of top 3 cm layer with new sand amended Sphagnum peat or garden compost did not solve problem. To ...

The large sessile tunicate Pyura stolonifera (Pleurogona: Stolibranchiata: Pyuridae), has been regarded as a complex taxon with disjointed distributions, including Australia (Pyura stolonifera praeputialis), South Africa (Pyura stolonifera stolonifera) and South America (Chile, Antofagasta: Pyura sp., the 'piure de Antofagasta'), and has been cited under at least five taxonomic combinations. Th...

Irrigation effects on pesticide mobility have been studied, but few direct comparisons of pesticide mobility or persistence have been conducted on turfgrass versus bare soil. The interaction of irrigation practices and the presence of turfgrass on the mobility and dissipation of mefenoxam [N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)-D-alanine methyl ester] and propiconazole (1-[[2-(2,4-dichlorophe...

During the 2003 and 2004 growing seasons, research was conducted on a 'Providence' creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) sand green at the University of Minnesota St. Paul campus to evaluate the use of ECH20 capacitance soil moisture sensors and FAO 56 ET (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Evapotranspiration) estimation in scheduling turfgrass irrigation by applying...

Dollar spot disease, caused by the fungus Sclerotinia homoeocarpa F.T. Bennett is common on intensively managed creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) and annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.), and other turfgrasses. Frequent chemical applications during the growing season are made to control this disease. Previous observations state that application of fungicides such as azoxystrobin can incre...

Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist syn. (horseweed) is a problematic and invasive weed with reported allelopathic properties. To identify the phytotoxic constituents of the aerial parts, a systematic bioactivity-guided fractionation of the dichloromethane extract was performed. Three active enyne derivatives, (2Z,8Z)-matricaria acid methyl ester, (4Z,8Z)-matricaria lactone, and (4Z)-lachnophyllum...