Objective: To evaluate existing ethical guidelines for the treatment of hunger strikers in light of findings on psychological changes that accompany the cessation of food intake. Design: Electronic databases were searched for (a) editorials and ethical proclamations on hunger strikers and their treatment; (b) studies of voluntary and involuntary starvation, and (c) legal cases pertaining to hun...

Optimizing the productivity and efficiency of cereal–legume intercropping through exploiting differences in nitrogen (N) acquisition two crops is crucial Mediterranean areas. A two-year field study was conducted Central Italy to determine how N fertilization rate affected forage grain production as well a barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) bean (Vicia faba L. var minor) intercrop. Crops were grown mon...

Intercropping is a breakthrough in land-use optimization. This work aimed to study the effects of intercropping patterns on growth, yield, root morphological characteristics, and interspecific competition maize soybean, as well provide reference for development soybean Northwest China. Three different cropping were designed: monocropping maize, maize-soybean intercropping. Agronomic traits, ind...

OBJECTIVE Ionic magnesium (Mg(2+)) depletion has long been known to cause hyperexcitability with convulsive seizures in rodents, effects that have been reversed by treatment with magnesium (Mg). Metabolic disorders and genetic alterations are suspected in this pathology, in which Mg(2+) transport and intracellular distribution may be reduced without change in serum Mg(2+) concentrations. We eva...

Most mechanisms in current superscalar processors use instruction granularity information for speculation, such as branch predictors or prefetchers. However, many of these characteristics can be obtained at the basic block level, increasing the amount of code that can be covered while requiring less space to store the data. Furthermore, the code can be profiled more accurately and provide a hig...

In colonial breeding species, preventive measures to reduce the risks of extra-pair copulations (EPCs) should reflect the actual risk perceived by males (e.g., proximity of neighbors, intrusions into the nest) mainly during the fertile period. In colonial vultures, specific studies examining the preventive measures that minimize the risks of EPCs occurring within the competitive context of colo...

Psychopathic aggressive behavior is extremely antisocial and its destructiveness can be appalling. Throughout the past and still at present, psychopathy has been the topic of descriptive, psychodynamic, genetic and biological investigations. This article addresses the question of whether psychopaths are free in their decisional capacity or whether their criminal acts are subjected to determinis...

improvement induced by HFS of STN and the quality of the improvement under the best levodopa treatment. In addition to this major target which constitutes currently the largest indication of HFS, over the last few years and particularly the last two years, a large number of other targets have been included in the field of HFS such as the nucleus accumbens, the internal capsule, the zona incerta...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate existing ethical guidelines for the treatment of hunger strikers in light of findings on psychological changes that accompany the cessation of food intake. DESIGN Electronic databases were searched for (a) editorials and ethical proclamations on hunger strikers and their treatment; (b) studies of voluntary and involuntary starvation, and (c) legal cases pertaining to hun...

The spatial variation in plant species associated with intercropping is intended to reduce resource competition between species and increase yield potential. A field experiment was carried out on corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) intercropping in a replacement series experiment with weed contamination consist of: weed free, infestation of redroot pigweed, infestation of jimsonweed...