A virtual training system has been developed to train novice surgeons on using the new jig and fixture in a knee replacement surgery. In this study, we described how a virtual hand was employed in a Virtual Knee Replacement Surgery Training System. The virtual hand is equipped with HOMER-G, a selection and manipulation technique that combines the Arm-extension and Ray-casting technique for easy...

An age-dependent repair model is proposed. The notion of the “age” of the product and the degree of repair are used to define the virtual age of the product. The virtual failure rate function and the virtual hazard function related to the lifetime of the product are discussed. Under a non-homogeneous Poisson process scenario the expected warranty costs for repairable products associated with li...

in this paper, trajectory generation for the 4 dof arm of surena iii humanoid robot with the purpose of optimizing energy and avoiding a moving obstacle is presented. for this purpose, first, kinematic equations for a seven dof manipulator are derived. then, using the lagrange method, an explicit dynamics model for the arm is developed. in the next step, in order to generate the desired traject...

Growth of arm muscle, fat and water areas were evaluated longitudinally in a prospective study in 81 infants from birth to the age of 12 months. The percentage of arm fat area v the cross sectional upper arm area increased at the age of 15 days with a peak peak at the age of 6 months while arm muscle area increased progressively throughout the year. As arm water area represented only 1% of cros...

Abstract In this paper, a repairable system of a monotone process model for a one-component multistate degenerative system with (k + 1) states(k-failure states and one working state) is studied. Also an alternative model, called the Negligible Or Non-Negligible (NONN) repair times introduced by Thangaraj and Rizwan (2001) is incorporated in this model to develop some new repair models. A replac...

The time-dependent reliability analysis to model age-related deterioration is necessary to support strategic planning and optimization of civil engineering infrastructure systems. The paper presents a stochastic gamma process model to account for temporal variability associated with a deterioration process and its impact on the optimal age of replacement. The proposed method is more versatile t...

This paper tries to trace our research history briefly from Barlow and Proschan to attain general replacement models. We begin with a random age replacement policy that is planned at a random time Y and call it as random replacement. When the distribution of Y becomes a degenerate distribution placing unit mass at T, age replacement is formulated. We obtain the general formulas for optimum repl...

PURPOSE To review the outcomes of anterior cervical disc replacement using the Prestige LP system for degenerative disc disease. METHODS Medical records of 12 men and 23 women aged 26 to 66 (mean, 46) years who underwent 48 anterior cervical disc replacements using the Prestige LP system by a single spine surgeon were reviewed. 22 patients underwent one-level disc replacement at C5-C6 (n=13) ...