Problem 1. Let C be a category with the zero object OC (that is, an object which is both universal and co-universal). In particular, for any pair of objects M and N , we have a distinguished morphism 0M,N ∈ HomC (M,N) , called the zero morphism, which is the composition of the unique morphisms M → OC and OC → N . Let M and N be objects in C and f ∈ HomC (M,N) . Recall that a kernel of f is a pa...

HBOC-201 (Biopure; Cambridge, MA) is a glutaraldehyde-polymerized bovine hemoglobin (Hb) solution that is stroma free, has lower viscosity than blood, and promotes O(2) unloading. We investigated the effects of HBOC-201 in a canine model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Dogs were anesthetized and subjected to 90 min of regional myocardial ischemia and 270 min of reperfusion. HBOC-201 ...

Hypertension secondary to scavenging of NO remains a limitation in the use of HBOCs (haemoglobin-based oxygen carriers). Recent studies suggest that nitrite reduction to NO by deoxyhaemoglobin supports NO signalling. In the present study we tested whether nitrite would attenuate HBOC-mediated hypertension using HBOC-201 (Biopure), a bovine cross-linked, low-oxygen-affinity haemoglobin. In a sim...

OBJECTIVES To determine retention in HIV care for individuals not yet eligible for antiretroviral therapy (ART) and to explore factors associated with retention in a rural public health HIV program. METHODS HIV-infected adults (≥16 years) not yet eligible for ART, with CD4 cell count >200 cells per microliter from January 2007 to December 2007 were included in the analysis. Retention was defi...