Adrenocortical tumors (ACTs) are extremely rare in infants. Pediatric ACTs are therapeutic and diagnostic challenge because histological criteria for distinguishing benign from malignant tumors seen in adults are not always reliable in children .The aim of this report was to present clinical features, hormonal profile, and histopathological characteristics of an infant with Adrenal tumors. A...

BackgroundPaediatric adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC) are highly aggressive malignancies with a dismal prognosis in advanced and metastatic diseases. Little is known about outcome of patients refractory relapsed (r/r) disease.ProcedureNational retrospective multicentre study including r/r ACC diagnosed aged< 18 years registered the MET studies between January 1997 December 2021ResultsA total 16 ...

The human adrenal cortex is a complex endocrine organ that produces mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids and androgens. These steroids are produced in distinct cell types located within the glomerulosa, fasciculata reticularis of cortex. Abnormal steroidogenesis leads to variety diseases can cause hypertension, metabolic syndrome, infertility premature adrenarche. also develop steroid-producing ...

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a kinase of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3Ks)/protein kinase B (PKB or AKT) signaling pathway, which is one of the most important intracellular mediators of the activity of growth factors receptors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs). Dysregulation of the mTOR pathway has been found in many h...

BACKGROUND This study was designed to evaluate the clinical, endocrinological and histological characteristics of adrenal incidentalomas. METHODS Eighty patients (41, males; 38, females; age range 17-80 years) who were diagnosed with adrenal incidentaloma at Korea University Hospital from 1992 to 2003 were studied retrospectively. RESULTS Endocrinological investigation revealed 16 pheochrom...

In addition to the mutations that underlie most cases of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome, somatic mutations of the MEN1 gene have also been described in sporadic tumors like gastrinomas, insulinomas and bronchial carcinoid neoplasm. We examined exon 2 of this gene, where most of the mutations have been described, in 148 endocrine and nonendocrine sporadic tumors. DNA was...

Abstract Introduction Adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs) are rare and aggressive malignant tumors often with an unfavorable prognosis accounting for 0. 05-0.2% of all cancers. ACCs can be separated into 2 groups: Functioning (hormone-producing) non-functioning tumors. About 60% synthesize hormones. Hormone-secreting most commonly cause virilization or Cushing's syndrome. On very occasions, lead t...

With recent progress in understanding the pathogenesis of adrenocortical tumors (ACTs), identification of molecular markers to predict their prognosis has become possible. Transcription factor 21 (TCF21)/podocyte-expressed 1 (POD1) is a transcriptional regulatory protein expressed in mesenchymal cells at sites of epithelial-mesenchymal transition during the development of different systems. Adu...

The majority of parathyroid tumors are benign, and parathyroid carcinomas represent a diagnostic challenge with limited treatment options. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 gene and cell division cycle 73 (CDC73) are major genes in parathyroid adenomas and carcinomas respectively. However, a large group of parathyroid tumors remain without defined genetic background. Telomeres are chromosome-...