The incidence of primary adrenal lymphoma is a very rare. Primary adrenal lymphoma is usually suspected in a patient with bilateral adrenal masses, with/without lymphadenopathy and with/without any signs of adrenal insufficiency.1,2 The most common symptom observed in nearly 70% patients is presence of bilateral adrenal mass. Nearly 50% of the patients present with syndrome of adrenal insuffici...

background: stimulants addition and abuse can cause some functional and morphological changes in the normal function of glands and hormones. methamphetamine as an addictive stimulant drug affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) axis and consequently makes some changes in the psychological state of the drug users. the present study aims to examine the relationship between plasma levels ...

Adrenal hemorrhages are not uncommon in newborns, but they may occur before birth. The incidence of adrenal hemorrhages based on extensive necropsy has been estimated as about 1.7 per 1000 births. With the increasing use of ultrasonography, prenatal recognition of fetal adrenal hemorrhages has become more common in recent years. We report an echogenic abdominal mass, which was found at 36 weeks...

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic resection for malignant adrenal tumors is controversial, because they are rare and limited data exist in the literature. HYPOTHESIS Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for malignant adrenal tumors is safe and effective. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-three patients who had a laparoscopic approach for suspected and unsuspected malignant adrenal tumors were studied retrospectively...

Introduction. Adrenal myelolipomas are uncommon nonfunctioning tumors of the adrenal. Synchronous renal cell carcinomas with adrenal myelolipomas are very rare. We present the case report of adrenal myelolipoma with synchronous RCC managed laparoscopically. Case Report. A 60-year-old old gentleman presented with incidental right upper polar mass with right adrenal mass. Metastatic work-up was n...

abstract a 26 -year- old woman presented with rhabdomyolysis secondary to severe hypokalemia. hypertension and metabolic alkalosis could lead to the suspicion of primary aldosteronism, which was confirmed by a decreased plasma rennin, elevated plasma aldosterone levels and high aldosterone/rennin ratio additionally. additionally adrenal computed tomography showed an adrenal tumour. blood pressu...

BACKGROUND Cryptococcus species usually affect the central nervous system and lungs in immunocompromised hosts. Although the adrenal glands can be involved in disseminated cryptococcosis, primary adrenal insufficiency caused by the fungal infection is uncommon. CASE PRESENTATION We present a case of primary adrenal insufficiency with bilateral adrenal masses and liver invasion in a 43-year-ol...

Introduction: Psychological stresses influence brain functions such as learning and memory. Environmental factors like types and durations of stress affect brain responsiveness. This study investigated the effects of two subchronic social and isolation stresses on learning, memory, adrenal glands weight and corticosterone levels in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Methods: Eighteen male ...

The adrenal gland is an essential endocrine organ for the stress response. The functions of this organ may be studied by ligation of the adrenal artery or adrenalectomy. However, in prior studies, descriptions of the anatomical variations of the adrenal artery were insufficient and inconsistent. Therefore, anatomical variations of the arterial supply to the adrenal gland were studied in 18 male...

The kinetics of plasma and adrenal cholesteral equilibration were analyzed in patients undergoing bilateral adrenalectomy for generalized mammary carcinoma. A biological model is proposed to help in the understanding of adrenal cholesterol physiology. It comprises two intracellular compartments: (1) A compartment of free adrenal cholesterol which is small (of the order of 17 mg) but turns over ...