A fast (∼ 3 ms) adiabatic expansion of a volume of liquid He through the lambda transition is being used to study the nature of the transition and to model the cosmological false vacuum to true vacuum phase transition of the early universe. Preliminary results are reported showing that, in accordance with theoretical predictions by W H Zurek (Nature 317, 505; 1985), there is copious production ...

We present the evolution of the radial expansion of SNR 1987A as measured using Chandra X-ray observations taken over the last 10 years. To characterize the complex structure of the remnant and isolate the expansion measurement, we fit the images to several empirical models including: a simple circular torus, a torus with bilateral lobes, and a torus with four tangentially extended lobes. We di...

A mechanical effects of a BLEVE are overpressure and ejection of fragments. Although fragments reach much longer distances, peak overpressure can be very strong over a certain area. Diverse authors have proposed methodologies for the estimation of the explosion energy and peak overpressure from these type of explosions, based on different thermodynamic and physical assumptions. Here these metho...

We investigated the effect of the excitation wavelength on the density evolution of laser-produced tin plasmas, both experimentally and numerically. For producing plasmas, Sn targets were excited with either 10.6 lm CO2 laser or 1.06 lm Nd:yttrium aluminum garnet laser; both are considered to be potential excitation lasers for extreme ultraviolet lithography laser-produced plasma light sources....

2014 Berry discovered that wave functions may acquire a geometrical phase factor, in addition to the usual dynamical phase, during an adiabatic cycle with period T. The dynamical and Berry phases are here recognized as the first two terms in a systematic WKB expansion in powers of 03B5 = 1/ T. We thus provide a simple method for the calculation of adiabatic phases and for a consistent inclusion...

The postburst evolution of fireballs that produce γ-ray bursts is studied, assuming the expansion of fireballs to be adiabatic and relativistic. Numerical results as well as an approximate analytic solution for the evolution are presented. Due to adoption of a new relation among t, R and γ (see the text), our results differ markedly from the previous studies. Synchrotron radiation from the shoc...

A complete quantum field theoretic study of charged and neutral particle creation in a rapidly/adiabatically expanding Friedman-Robertson-Walker metric for an O(4) scalar field theory with quartic interactions (admitting a phase transition) is given. Quantization is carried out by inclusion of quantum fluctuations. We show that the quantized Hamiltonian admits an su(1,1) invariance. The squeezi...

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A loss in smoothness of a switching process decreases the accuracy of an adiabatic invariant. Here we show that for classical Hamiltonian systems the degree of smoothness can be observed in the signal.