Quantum addition circuits are considered being of two types: (1) Toffoli-adder which use only classical reversible gates (controlled-not and Toffoli), (2) QFT-adder based on the quantum Fourier transformation. We present a systematic translation QFT circuit into Toffoli-based adder. This result shows that has fundamentally same fault-tolerance cost (e.g., T count) as most cost-efficient Toffoli...

We consider the problem of finding shortest non-crossing thick paths in a polygonal domain, where a thick path is a Minkowski sum of a usual path and unit disk. We show that in a simple polygon, K shortest paths may be found in optimal O(K(n + K)) time and O(n + K) space. For polygons with holes we show that the problem becomes (weakly) NP-hard even for the case K = 2 and even when the paths ar...

the prevalent method of irrigation in paddy fields in iran is continuous ponding, which changes to intermittent method at the time of water shortage. soil cracks are the main problem in intermittent irrigation. in this study, effects of adding rice straw on some soil physical characteristics and cracks were studied in paddy soils of the guilan province of iran. the experiment was performed as s...