BACKGROUND Addiction is one of the main problems of human societies, which is more common in developing countries. In addition, it causes to personal and social problems and family problem. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children 5-15 years old of opioid or methamphetamine dependence patients. METHODS For this study, three groups including: (1)...

We propose a normative model of inductive reasoning about causal arguments, those in which there is a direct causal relation between categories. The model derives inductive judgments from a causal Bayesian network that represents the causal structure of the argument. It supports inferences in the causal direction (e.g. a mother is drug-addicted, how likely is it that her newborn baby is drug-ad...

Born between 1977 and 1997, Net-generation is the first generation to grow up surrounded by home computers, video games, and the Internet. As children of the Baby Boomers, the Internet is the medium of choice for the Net-geners. Based on the assumption that Net-generation has unique characteristics, this study examined (1) how Net-geners addicted to the Internet differ from the non-addicted and...

Dopamine (DA) is considered crucial for the rewarding effects of drugs of abuse, but its role in addiction is much less clear. This review focuses on studies that used PET to characterize the brain DA system in addicted subjects. These studies have corroborated in humans the relevance of drug-induced fast DA increases in striatum [including nucleus accumbens (NAc)] in their rewarding effects bu...

The popularity of social networking sites (SNSs) has increased rapidly. SNSs are a key part daily life for many people around the world. use is already global phenomenon. Drawing on capital theory, this research empirically explored how structural (social network ties), relational (trust in SNSs, trust members identification, and norms), cognitive (shared language shared goals) influence sticki...