نتایج جستجو برای: activin
تعداد نتایج: 3362 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis with (CRSwNP) and without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) should be regarded as distinct clinical entities based on differential inflammatory mediator and remodeling profiles. Activin A, a member of the TGF-β superfamily, plays an important role in inflammation and remodeling in the lower airways, although its expression and release in the upper airways remain undescribe...
BACKGROUND Activins, members of the TGF-β superfamily, are key drivers of inflammation and are thought to play a significant role in ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), a process inherent to renal transplantation that negatively impacts early and late allograft function. Follistatin (FS) is a protein that binds activin and inhibits its activity. This study examined the response of activin A and ...
OBJECTIVE Growth of white adipose tissue takes place in normal development and in obesity. A pool of adipose progenitors is responsible for the formation of new adipocytes and for the potential of this tissue to expand in response to chronic energy overload. However, factors controlling self-renewal of human adipose progenitors are largely unknown. We investigated the expression profile and the...
Activin A is known as a neuroprotective factor produced upon acute excitotoxic injury of the hippocampus (in pathological states). We attempt to reveal the role of activin as a neuromodulator in the adult male hippocampus under physiological conditions (in healthy states), which remains largely unknown. We showed endogenous/basal expression of activin in the hippocampal neurons. Localization of...
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), produced by pituitary gonadotrope cells, is required for maturation of ovarian follicles. The FSHbeta subunit is the limiting factor for production of mature hormone and provides biological specificity. Activin dramatically induces FSHbeta transcription and the secondary rise in FSH, important for follicular development, is dependent on this induction. Thus, ...
Activins are members of the transforming growth factor b (TGFb) family of growth and differentiation factors (1). Like the other members of this family, they consist of dimers of glycosylated polypeptides, linked by a disulfide bond. To date, five different forms (A to E) of the activin subunit have been described on the basis of nucleotide sequences. However, biological activities have only be...
Activin A, a multifunctional cytokine, plays an important role in hepatocyte growth suppression and is involved in liver size control. The present study was aimed to determine the cell location of activin A in the normal rat liver microenvironment and the contribution of activin A signaling to the hepatocyte phenotype to obtain insight into molecular mechanisms. Immunohistochemical and in situ ...
Activins are known to signal through two serine/threonine kinase type II receptors. Activin receptor IIA is widely expressed in the male reproductive axis, including the pituitary and testis. Our previous studies using gene knockout mice have confirmed the essential in vivo role of activin receptor IIA in FSH homeostasis. Activin receptor IIA-null male mice are fertile, have suppressed pituitar...
Activin has direct long-range signalling activity and can form a concentration gradient by diffusion
BACKGROUND Activin has strong mesoderm-inducing properties in the early Xenopus embryo, and has a long-range signalling activity that activates genes in cells distant from a source in a concentration-dependent way. It has not yet been established what mechanism of signal transmission accounts for this and other examples of long-range signalling in vertebrates. Nor is it known whether activin it...
Activin-stimulated FSH synthesis and secretion from the pituitary gonadotrope is negatively modulated by ovarian inhibin; however, the cellular mechanism of inhibin antagonism is unknown. Inhibin and activin share a common beta-subunit through which inhibin can compete with activin for binding to the activin type II receptor and prevent activin signal transduction. Although the affinity of inhi...
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