Passive antibody to bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) acquired through colostrum intake may interfere with the development of a protective immune response by calves to this virus. The objective of this study was to determine if calves, with a high level of maternal antibody to bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), develop CD4(+), CD8(+), or gammadelta T lymphocyte responses to BVDV in the absenc...

We described a human case of zoonotic dog tapeworm, Dipylidium caninum (Eucestoda: Dilepidiidae), rarely occurring in China. The mother of a 17 month-old boy noted the appearance of small white and active worms over a month period in her son's feces, but the boy was asymptomatic except mild diarrhea. We observed 3 tapeworm proglottids resembling cucumber seeds in his stool sample. Microscopical...

In endemic regions, visceral leishmaniasis is one of the most common opportunistic infections in HIV positive patients. Simultaneous infection with Leishmania and HIV has been reported in some countries but this is the first report of such a case in Iran. Our patient was a 27 years old man with intermittent night fever, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, vomiting, watery diarrhea and severe weig...

In a prospective study of 27 patients with Clostridium difficile-associated disease, we found that C. difficile frequently contaminated multiple skin sites, including groin, chest, abdomen, forearms, and hands, and was easily acquired on investigators' hands. Skin contamination often persisted on patients' chest and abdomen after resolution of diarrhea.

A quasi-Poisson generalized linear model combined with a distributed lag non-linear model was used to quantify the main effect of temperature on emergency department visits (EDVs) for childhood diarrhea in Brisbane from 2001 to 2010. Residual of the model was checked to examine whether there was an added effect due to heat waves. The change over time in temperature-diarrhea relation was also as...

BACKGROUND Diarrhea in foals affects up to 60% of foals during the first six months of life. The effect of diarrhea on the fecal bacterial microbiota in foals has not been investigated. Little is known on the fecal bacterial microbial richness and diversity of foals at a young age. The objective was to compare the fecal bacterial microbiota of healthy foals to foals with diarrhea at two and fou...

We identified the incidence and primary clinical characteristics of histoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in our hospital. Disseminated histoplasmosis is a common and severe disease among patients with AIDS in Panama and should be suspected for patients with a CD4 cell count of <100 cells/ microL, fever, respiratory symptoms, weight loss, and diarrhea.

BACKGROUND Only limited data are available relating to the etiology of diarrhea in children and adults in Senegal. The aim of this prospective study was to describe the epidemiology and etiology of community-acquired diarrheal infections in children and adults living in urban settings. METHODS A prospective study was carried out from March 2009 to December 2010, in the urban region of Dakar, ...

BACKGROUND Clostridium difficile is a leading hospital-acquired infection. Many patients remain symptomatic for several days on appropriate antibiotic therapy. To assess the contribution of ongoing infection vs persistent inflammation, we examined the correlation between fecal cytokine levels, fecal C. difficile burden, and disease outcomes in C. difficile infection (CDI). METHODS We conducte...