 Vinyl chloride is readily and rapidly absorbed via inhalation, ingestion and through the skin  At room temperature vinyl chloride is a gas, so inhalation is the major route exposure  Following absorption, it is distributed through the body, with the highest concentrations found in the liver and kidneys, followed by the lungs and spleen  Vinyl chloride is mainly metabolised in the liver int...

In this protocol, 3-(2-carboxybenzoyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride [Cbmim]Cl and sulfonic acid functionalized pyridinium chloride [pyridine-SO3H]Cl as a new, reusable, and green Brønsted acidic ionic liquid (BAIL) catalyst were synthesized and successfully used for the one-pot ring opening of epoxide with sodium azide (NaN3) in water at room temperature. Epoxides under ring-opening easi...

Background: Protective effect of Emblica against radiation and cadmium induced biochemical changes in mouse kidney has been studied. Materials and Methods: Adult male mice were divided into seven groups: I (shamirradiated), II (cadmium chloride), III (irradiated with 2 Gy gamma rays), IV (radiation and cadmium chloride), V (Cadmium chloride and Emblica), VI (radiation and Emblica), VII...

Silica chloride converted benzyl or tert-butyl esters to the corresponding acid chlorides and alkyl chlorides. It also converted benzyl or tert-butyl phenyl ethers to the corresponding allcyl chlorides and phenol

Metabolic alkalosis was induced in dogs by administering ethacrynic acid and sustained by feeding a chloride-deficient diet. At the height of the alkalosis extracellular fluid was expanded "isometrically," i.e., with an infusion that duplicated plasma sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate concentrations. Correction of metabolic alkalosis promptly followed such expansion and was attributed to the se...

The reagent described is 5.5 M in perchioric acid and 3.3 M in urea. It contains ferric ions, mercuric thiocyanate, mercuric ions (from mercuric perchiorate), and mercuric chloride. Serum dissolves directly in this reagent to yield a clear, reddish solution. When chloride ions are added, they combine first with the free mercuric ions, and then with some of the mercuric ions from the mercuric th...

Little is known on the clinical effects of chloride on critically ill patients. We conducted this retrospective, observational study in 488 critically ill patients to investigate the incidence of chloride abnormalities, effects of hypochloremia in acid-base disorders, and association between chloride and clinical outcome. The study involved retrieval of arterial blood gas analyses, biochemical ...

This paper investigates the reduction of acrylamide formation in potato crisps as a result of asparaginase treatment, using calcium chloride and sodium chloride solutions with different concentrations, immersion in different pH solutions, and different frying conditions. The main aim is to compare the reduction of acrylamide in potato crisps using two kinds of asparaginase enzyme; the first enz...

The normal and differential titration curves of liganded and unliganded hemoglobin were measured at various KCl concentrations (0.1 to 2.0 M). In this range of KCl concentrations, the curves for deoxyhemoglobin showed no salt-induced pK changes of titratable groups. In the same salt concentration range oxyhemoglobin showed a marked change in titration behavior which could only be accounted for ...