In cognitive science there is a paradox: Researchers studying decision making have repeatedly shown that people employ simple and often less than optimal strategies when integrating information from multiple sources. However, researchers working in fields such as categorization, memory, and perception have had great success using optimal models to account for information integration. Is this co...

What makes small IT companies’ web development practices for e-commerce successful is essential for small IT companies. Usually they do not have the resources to initiate research on such issues alone. The authors report on their work in progress towards the design of a system for promoting improved understanding of the Critical Success Factors for web development that supports the accumulation...

Previously we performed a 1012-generation mutation accumulation (MA) study in yeast and found that a surprisingly large proportion of fitness-altering mutations were beneficial. To verify this result and assess the impact of sampling error in our previous study, we have continued the MA experiment for an additional 1050 cell generations and re-estimated mutation parameters. After correcting for...

The first evaluation criterion is the level of confidence that dismantlement has taken place produced by each option. The level of confidence that a particular monitoring option provides that warhead dismantlement is actually occurring depends on the level of information obtained from that particular option and the ease with which that option can be spoofed. Short of direct observation or remot...

Mutation is the ultimate source of genetic variation and evolution. Mutation accumulation (MA) experiments are an alternative approach to study de novo mutation events directly. We have constructed a resource of Spontaneous Mutation Accumulation Lines (SMAL; http://cefg.uestc.edu.cn/smal), which contains all the current publicly available MA lines identified by high-throughput sequencing. We ha...

Latest trends in learning technologies verify of the fact that they are indispensable for students’ cognitive improvement. ICTs in coordination with a concrete pedagogical framework may provide students and teachers flexible, engaging, cost-effective and above all, personalized learning experiences, which focus on the adoption of the 21 century cognitive skills into the actual learning process....

In this paper we give conditions on the internal wear process under which the resulting time-to-failure model will be of the simple collapsible form (Oakes, 1995, Duchesne and Lawless, 2000) when the usage accumulation history is available. We suppose that failure occurs when internal wear crosses a certain threshold and/or a traumatic event causes the item to fail (Cox, 1999 and Bagdonavi cius...

While luminosity distances from type Ia supernovae (SNe) are a powerful probe of cosmology, the accuracy with which these distances can be measured is limited by cosmic magnification due to gravitational lensing by the intervening large-scale structure. Spatial clustering of foreground mass leads to correlated errors in SNe distances. By including the full covariance matrix of SNe, we show that...