While the diagnostic properties of the TB LAM urine assay (LAM) have been well-described, little is known about its predictive and prognostic properties at ART initiation in a routine clinic setting. We describe the predictive and prognostic properties of LAM in HIV-positive patients initiating ART at an urban hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa. Retrospective study of HIV-positive adults (>...

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare lung disease affecting women. Following case reports that pregnancy exacerbates LAM, patients are frequently advised to avoid pregnancy. Our objective was to determine pregnancy and health outcomes in LAM to provide better evidence with which to council patients contemplating pregnancy. We surveyed 328 women with LAM regarding pregnancy outcomes, pulmona...

A 2 × 2 factorial experiment was conducted to investigate the interactions between laminarin (LAM; 0 and 300 parts per million (ppm)) and fucoidan (FUC; 0 and 240 ppm) levels on intestinal morphology, selected microbiota and inflammatory cytokine gene expression in the weaned pig. There was an interaction between LAM and FUC supplementation on the Enterobacteriaceae population (P< 0·05) and the...

BACKGROUND/AIMS To determine the efficacies of entecavir (ETV) in nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA)-naïve chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and in those with prior lamivudine (LAM) use who did not develop resistance. METHODS We retrospectively enrolled 337 patients with CHB who were treated with ETV (0.5 mg daily) for at least 30 months. The study included 270 (80.1%) NA-naïve patients and 67 (19....

Background: The goal of this study was to develop a novel drug delivery system (NDDS) of lamivudine (LAM) to overcome some drawbacks associated with LAM short half-life. To fulfill this goal, polymeric LAM-loaded nanoparticles were prepared and their transdermal deliveries via passive and microneedles (MNs)-mediated transport were investigated. Methods: First, nanoparticles were prepared by dou...

UNLABELLED Clobazam (CLB), Topiramate (TOP) and Lamotrigine (LAM) are newer second-line antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) used in children. This is a single-centre retrospective observational study of the efficacy, tolerability and retention rate in 224 separate treatment episodes in 194 children, aged 0.1-16.7 years (median 9.4) over an 8 year period. The median age of epilepsy onset was 3.3 years (r...

We report the identification and characterization of a novel potent inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase I: lamellarin D (LAM-D), initially isolated from a marine mollusk, Lamellaria sp., and subsequently identified from various ascidians. This alkaloid, which displays potent cytotoxic activities against multidrug-resistant tumor cell lines and is highly cytotoxic to prostate cancer cells, bears a 6H...

BACKGROUND Urinary lipoarabinomannan (LAM) has limited sensitivity for diagnosing active human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated tuberculosis (TB) disease, but LAM screening at HIV diagnosis might identify adults with more severe clinical disease or greater risk of mortality. METHODS We enrolled antiretroviral therapy-naive HIV-infected adults from 4 clinics in Durban. Nurses performed ...

Fourteen aromatic and 24 aliphatic acids were determined by GC-MS analysis of acidic fractions obtained from Paeonia peregrina and Paeonia tenuifolia roots. Benzoic acid and its monohydroxy-, dihydroxy- and trihydroxy-derivatives are the main acid components of both Paeonia species. Some fractions could serve as a source of benzoic, 4-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic and gallic acids, as well as of eth...