Calcitonin gene-related peptide, a product of the calcitonin gene, is a potent vasodilator neuropeptide. We have demonstrated that dietary calcium deficiency decreased the neuronal (laminae I/II of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord) content of immunoreactive calcitonin gene-related peptide in the normal rat. Neuronal calcitonin gene-related peptide levels are also reduced in the spontaneously ...

Hypocotyl segments of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) produce adventitious roots in response to exogenously supplied auxin. root primordium defective 1 (rpd1) is a temperature-sensitive mutant isolated on the basis of impairment in this phenomenon. This study describes further phenotypic analysis of the rpd1 mutant and isolation of the RPD1 gene. When adventitious root formation was induced ...

objective: : root resorption is a complication of orthodontic treatment and till date, there is a dearth of information regarding this subject. the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between orthodontic force and genetic expression of tgf-β(as an inflammatory cytokine) using the rt-pcr technique in rats. moreover, realization of the level of gene expression may help in the diff...

instrument breakage during treatment can lead to serious complications and carries the risk of treatment failure. when a file breaks in the canal, bypassing or removal can be difficult and the long-term prognosis of the tooth may be compromised. sometimes surgery may be indicated for removal of the broken segment. often some part of the root cannot be cleaned because of blockage by the broken f...

Transcriptional repression by histone modification represents a universal mechanism that underlies critical biological processes, such as neurogenesis and hematopoietic differentiation, in animals. In plants, however, the extent to which these regulatory pathways are involved in development and morphogenesis is not well defined. SWP1/LDL1 is a component of a plant corepressor complex that is in...

One of the latest and most controversial areas of science is biotechnology. Genetic engineering concerns with the manipulation of DNA molecules to modify plants, animals and other creatures. Scientists are now able to isolate a gene or genome in an animal or plant to another one, based on the traits they want to transfer. The movement of a gene from a living creature to another one is called th...

Many insect and fungal pathogens posing agronomically important threats specifically target the roots in strawberry. The use of a root-specific promoter to confer expressionof resistancegenes in a targetedmanner has the potential appreciably to benefit the genetic improvement of commercial strawberry varieties. A novel gene, FaRB7, was isolated from strawberry (Fragaria3 ananassa Duch.) and fou...