The apical ectodermal ridge (AER) is a specialized epithelium located at the distal edge of the limb bud that directs outgrowth along the proximodistal axis. Although the molecular basis for its function is well known, the cellular mechanisms that lead to its maturation are not fully understood. Here, we show that Arid3b, a member of the ARID family of transcriptional regulators, is expressed i...

Ridge regression, being based on the minimization of a quadratic loss function, is sensitive to outliers. Current proposals for robust ridge regression estimators are sensitive to “bad leverage observations”, cannot be employed when the number of predictors p is larger than the number of observations n; and have a low robustness when the ratio p=n is large. In this paper a ridge regression esti...

background and aims. autogenous onlay bone grafting is a common procedure for alveolar ridge augmentation. it has been suggested that the amount of healed bone after this technique would be significantly less than the initial quantity. the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the various parameters influencing the outcome of ridge augmentation procedures. materials and me...

Bacterial Signaling and Motility: Sure Bets Robert Belas,* Igor B. Zhulin, and Zhaomin Yang Center of Marine Biotechnology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, 701 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202; Joint Institute for Computational Sciences, the University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6173; and Department of Biological Sciences, ...

Objectives: The present study evaluated the effect of bar and ball attachment designs on retention and stability of a mandibular overdenture supported by four implants. Methods: An edentulous mandibular acrylic resin model with four implants in the anterior part of the ridge (A, B, D and E) was fabricated. A metal framework simulating the overdenture was also fabricated. Totally, 30...