Deletion of the gene encoding the Fc immunoglobulin G receptor IIB (FccRIIB) results in a fulminant, lupus-like disease in C57BL/6 but not BALB/c mice. Here we have investigated this strain-specific, epistatic loss of tolerance using gene-targeted immunoglobulin variable heavy-chain (VH) alleles 3H9 or 56R, which encode DNA-specific heavy chains, expressed on the C57BL/6 or BALB/c background. T...

Foodbook24 is a self-administered web-based 24-h dietary recall tool developed to assess food and nutrient intakes of Irish adults. This paper describes the first step undertaken in developing Foodbook24 which was to limit participant burden by establishing a concise list of food items for inclusion in the tool. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether using a concise food list (as ...

Methods and Results-—We retrospectively reviewed 92 patients (median age, 19.9 years; range, 4.9 to 57.8; 60% male) 14.1 10.3 years after successful coarctation treatment (surgery in 63, stent in 16, and balloon dilation in 13), excluding those with resting right arm-leg blood pressure gradient >20 mm Hg, atypical coarctation, and major associated heart defects. Minimum body-surface area (BSA)-...

make their red blood cells just go with the flow. the test could pinpoint those who may benefit from such therapies, putting more patients on treatment regimens that . can objectively identify patients who are not responding well to treatment or transfusion. Conversely, et al by Wood It may never be possible to predict the exact timing of vaso-occlusion, but the ex vivo biophysical test propose...

Birds andmammals, phylogenetically close amniotes with similar postgastrula development, exhibit little conservation in their post-fertilization cleavage patterns. Data from the mouse suggest that cellular morphogenesis and molecular signaling at the cleavage stage play important roles in lineage specification at later (blastula and gastrula) stages. Very little is known, however, about cleavag...

Recognition of the role of hepatic drug transporters in elimination of xenobiotics continues to grow. Hepatic uptake transporters, such as hepatic isoforms of the organic anion-transporting polypeptide (Oatp) family as well as the bile acid transporter Na-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (Ntcp) have been studied extensively both at the mRNA and protein expression levels in adults. Howeve...

Michael Lindner,* Sarah Rudorf,* Robert Birg, Armin Falk, Bernd Weber, and Klaus Fliessbach Center for Economics and Neuroscience, University of Bonn, Nachtigallenweg 86, 53127 Bonn, Germany, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 7BE, United Kingdom, Department of Epileptology, University Hospital Bonn, SigmundFreud-Str. 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany,...

T cell activation in vivo occurs in a lymphoid milieu that presents chemotactic and T cell receptor signals concurrently. Here we demonstrate that T cell zone chemokines such as CCL21 are bound to the surface of lymph node dendritic cells. Contact with antigen-presenting cells bearing chemokines costimulated T cells by a previously unknown two-step contact mechanism. T cells initially formed an...

Little is known about the molecular mechanisms that induce gamete fusion during mammalian fertilization. After initial contact, adhesion between gametes only leads to fusion in the presence of three membrane proteins that are necessary, but insufficient, for fusion: Izumo1 on sperm, its receptor Juno on egg and Cd9 on egg. What happens during this adhesion phase is a crucial issue. Here, we dem...

We have grown high quality magnetite microcrystals free from antiphase boundaries on Ru(0001) by reactive molecular beam epitaxy, conserving bulk magnetic properties below 20 nm thickness. Magnetization vector maps are obtained by X-ray spectromicroscopy and compared with micromagnetic simulations. The observed domain configurations are dictated purely by shape anisotropy, overcoming the possib...