The Miankaleh Biosphere Reserve with a surface area of 68800 hectares is located in 12 km N of Behshahr (MazandaranProvince, N. Iran) between 53˚ 35' - 54˚ 2' eastern longitude and 36˚ 45' - 36˚ 55' northern latitude. The vegetation of MiankalehPeninsula was studied, using the Braun-Blanquet (Zygmatist) method. Based on the analysis of phytosociological data using the Anaphyto software and AFC ...

proper management of saline soils needs adequate information about the amount and salt distribution in the root zone. irrigation is one of the factors that control the distribution of salt. this study investigated soil leaching simulation by using hydrus2d software based on the evaporation of soil surface of a land without plant located at shahid chamran university, ahwaz, iran. samples were ta...

[1] We use simultaneous global observations of the mid-latitude trough and the plasmapause to experimentally prove a long-standing conjecture of magnetosphereionosphere couplingnamely the mid-latitude trough and plasmapause are on the same field line. Global Ionospheric Maps (GIM), generated using ground based GPS receivers, are used to detect the globally extended mid-latitude trough; while gl...

[1] The presence of an extensive ice-rich layer in the near subsurface of the Martian regolith could result in viscous creep responsible for softening of craters at middle and high latitudes. The temperature of ground ice will vary spatially within a crater owing to the effect of slope on the effective angle of insolation. The temperature at a particular latitude will also vary temporally owing...

We investigate the hyperbolicity of the 5, 8, 10, 13 and 16moment Grad systems for two species of particles under the quasineutrality hypothesis. The analysis is based on an asymptotic expansion with respect to the mass ratio. We show that the hyperbolicity of the systems which involve the heat flux as an independent variable requires a limitation on this heat flux.

OBJECTIVES The aim of this survey was to compare the level of professional stress among seamen--crew members--who work on French oceanographic vessels to the one of technicians and engineers from the oceanographic institute, who board the ships to operate special equipment during sea voyages. METHOD Two questionnaires were used for collecting data: Langner's total health test (22 items) that ...

As a follow-up of a recent study [1], we challenge the claim that the flow of interstellar helium through the solar system has changed substantially over the last decades. We argue that only the IBEX-Lo 2009/2010 measurements are discrepant with older consensus values. Then we show that the probability of the claimed variations of longitude and velocity are highly unlikely (≈1%), in view of the...