BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE After a transient ischemic attack or stroke, the risk for recurrence may be reduced by treatment of hypertension. The purpose of this study was to determine how commonly blood pressure exceeds national guidelines among patients who have had one of these events. METHODS Subjects were 644 women participating in a randomized trial of estrogen for secondary stroke preventio...

OBJECTIVE To determine the relationships among physicians' knowledge and beliefs, perceived patient demand and treatment with injection drugs in Korean primary care settings. DESIGN A cross-sectional, nationwide survey. SETTING A total of 644 clinics were selected from the 9660 clinics with more than 1000 patient visits from April 1 to June 30, 2004, among four specialties (general practice...

Introduction: Although there is evidence that hexaminolevulinate (HAL)-based transurethral bladder tumor resection (TURBT) improves the detection of Ta-T1 non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) as well as carcinoma in situ there is uncertainty about its beneficial effects on progression. Material and Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted according to the PRISMA statement to ...

We present 30-nm InAs pseudomorphic HEMTs (PHEMTs) on an InP substrate with record fT characteristics and well-balanced fT and fmax values. This result was obtained by improving short-channel effects through widening of the siderecess spacing (Lside) to 150 nm, as well as reducing parasitic source and drain resistances. To compensate for an increase in Rs and Rd due to Lside widening, we optimi...

BACKGROUND Detailed molecular evaluation of cytology and limited tissue samples is increasingly becoming the standard for cancer care. Reproducible and accurate diagnostic approaches with reduced demands on cellularity are an ongoing unmet need. This study evaluated the performance of a 92-gene assay for molecular diagnosis of tumor type/subtype in cytology and limited tissue samples. METHODS...

Few studies examine social factors shaping our conceptions of the life course, particularly the boundaries of life stages. The existing literature tends to focus on either young adulthood or old age, primarily relying on cross-sectional data. Using two waves of data from Midlife in the United States (1995–1996 and 2004–2006), we examine how three sets of factors – locations in systems of inequa...

The authors examined the associations of observed neighborhood (block face) and housing conditions with the incidence of diabetes by using data from 644 subjects in the African-American Health Study (St. Louis area, Missouri). They also investigated five mediating pathways (health behavior, psychosocial, health status, access to medical care, and sociodemographic characteristics) if significant...

Dietary intake of vitamin A (VA) and carotenes has shown beneficial effects for decreasing the risk of some types of cancer, but findings on the risk of primary liver cancer (PLC) are inconsistent. This case-control study explored the associations between the dietary intake of VA and carotenes and the risk of PLC. We recruited 644 incident PLC patients (diagnosed within one month of each other)...

Policy actors seek network contacts to mitigate collective action problems endemic in all policy arenas. The Risk Hypothesis argues that actors seek contacts that maximize information transmission when cooperation involves low risks, but seek transitive, reciprocal relationships when risks of defection increase. We apply this risk hypothesis to 10 estuaries in the U.S, using survey data from 19...