Though the value of a right should be not lower than zero, negative voting premiums often appear in recent empirical evidence. The present paper highlights some possible measurement errors and contemporary proposes a new measure, the vote segment, which incorporates all dividend privileges. Results from Italian non-voting shares listed in the 1999-2008 period show that the more accurate measure...

In this paper we introduce R-right (left), L-left (right) cancellative and weakly R(L)-cancellative semigroups and will give some equivalent conditions for completely simple semigroups, (completely) regular right (left) cancellative semigroups, right (left) groups, rectangular groups, rectangular bands, groups and right (left) zero semigroups according to R-right (left), L-left (right) and weak...

the concept of right (left) quotient (or residual) of an ideal η by anideal ν of an l-subring μ of a ring r is introduced. the right (left) quotients areshown to be ideals of μ . it is proved that the right quotient [η :r ν ] of an idealη by an ideal ν of an l-subring μ is the largest ideal of μ such that[η :r ν ]ν ⊆ η . most of the results pertaining to the notion of quotients(or residual) of ...

introduction:  in patients who underwent surgery to repair tetralogy of fallot, right ventricular dilation from pulmonary regurgitation may be result in right ventricular failure, arrhythmias and cardiac arrest. hence, pulmonary valve replacement may be necessary to reduce right ventricular volume overload. the aim of present study was to assess the effects of pulmonary valve replacement on rig...

backgroundasthma is the most chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in children and asthmatic patients can experience cardiac dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension and finally cor pulmonale later in life. we aimed to investigate right ventricular (rv) functions in asthmatic children by conventional and tissue doppler echocardiography (tde).materials and methods pulmonary function tests, con...