BACKGROUND Septic shock remains a leading cause of death, despite advances in critical care management. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) has reduced morbidity and mortality. This study evaluated risk factors for mortality in patients with septic shock who received treatment following the SSC bundles. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study included patients with septic shock ...

BACKGROUND Recent ecological research from Latin America has shown that infant health could be promoted through exclusive breastfeeding in infants aged 0-3 months and partial breastfeeding throughout the remainder of infancy. METHODS In a cross-sectional study in 1995, the author interviewed 518 mothers with infants leq; 1 year in La Paz, Bolivia, to describe the breastfeeding pattern and its...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Laser induced fluorescence (LIF) from colonic mucosa was measured in vivo with and without delta aminolevulinic acid (ALA) in an attempt to differentiate between neoplasia and non-neoplasia in real time during colonoscopy. METHODS Spectra from 32 adenomas, 68 normal sites, and 14 hyperplastic polyps in 41 patients were obtained with a point monitoring system. Twenty one of...

HYPOTHESIS Since the early 1990s, the laparoscopic technique has been increasingly used for the treatment of perforated peptic ulcer. It is important to validate a risk scoring system that can stratify patients into various risk groups before comparing the treatment outcome of laparoscopic repair against that of conventional open surgery. The scoring system should be able to predict the likelih...

We have previously demonstrated that pharmacological concentrations of 17j-oestradiol (E2) increase the cytotoxicity of methotrexate towards hormone responsive MCF-7 human breast cancer cells (Clarke et al., 1985), and this compares with the ability of E2 to potentiate the cytotoxic effects of cytosine arabinoside in these cells (Weichselbaum et al., 1978). However, E2 reduces both the antimeta...

Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) are overexpressed and associated with the pathogenesis of multiple types of human malignancy. The aims of the present study were to investigate FOXM1 and uPA expression levels in human gastric cancer using tissue microarray techniques; determining their association with clinicopathological characteristics as well as their pr...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The validity of hospital discharge diagnoses is essential in improving stroke surveillance and estimating healthcare costs of stroke. The aim of this study was to assess sensitivity, positive predictive value, and accuracy of discharge diagnoses compared with a stroke register. METHODS A record linkage was made between a population-based stroke register and the discharg...