ObjectiveTo assess the emergence of livestock-associated Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin-resistant S. (MRSA) in pig and pork production systems Africa for past two decades.MethodsPubMed African Journals OnLine were searched relevant primary studies from 2000 to 2019 using standardized key words. In total, 19 eligible articles included this review.ResultsThe prevalence MRSA ranged 0%...

The effects of monospecific antibodies to the viral glycoprotein with hemagglutinating and neuraminidase activity (HN) and the viral glycoprotein with membrane-fusing activity (F) of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 (SV5) on the spread of infection in two cell types have been investigated. In CV-1 cells, infection can spread by either released progeny virus adsorbing to and infecting other cell...

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease that is highly prevalent, especially in developing countries. Biomphalaria tenagophila is an important invertebrate host of Schistosoma mansoni in Brazil, with some strains (e.g. Cabo Frio) being highly susceptible to the parasite, whereas others (e.g. Taim) are completely resistant to infection. Therefore, B. tenagophila is an important research model for...

Bacteria cells within biofilms are physiologically distinct from their planktonic counterparts. In particular they are more resistant to detrimental environmental conditions. In this study, we monitored the evolution of the phospholipid composition of the inner and outer membranes of P. aeruginosa during the biofilm formation (i.e., from 1-, 2-, to 6-day-old biofilm). Lipidome analyses were per...

the effects of dietary supplementation of garlic (allium sativum)extract on the growth and disease resistance of african catfish, clarias gariepinus was evaluated. also in-vitro evaluation of susceptibility of fish-borne multidrug resistant (mdr) pathogenic bacteria to aqueous extract of garlic was done. aqueous garlic extract exhibited inhibitory activity against mdr bacteria and the degree of...

BACKGROUND The costs and benefits of controlling nosocomial spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria are unknown. METHODS We developed a mathematical algorithm to determine cost-effectiveness of infection control programs and explored the dynamical interactions between different epidemiological variables and cost-effectiveness. The algorithm includes occurrence of nosocomial infections, attrib...

A study was conducted to assess the durable resistance in a near isogenic line of spring wheat (Triticum aestivalis L.), possessing resistance gene Yr-18 to some isolates (race specific resistance) of stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici), namely Thatcher Yr-18 and durable resistance of an cultivar of spring wheat to all isolates of stripe rust (race non- specific resistance), namel...

The two-type Richardson model describes the growth of two competing infections on Z and the main question is whether both infection types can simultaneously grow to occupy infinite parts of Z. For bounded initial configurations, this has been thoroughly studied. In this paper, an unbounded initial configuration consisting of points x = (x1, . . . , xd) in the hyperplane H = {x ∈ Z d : x1 = 0} i...