An electronic meter to measure surface seawater density is presented. It is based on the measurement of the difference in displacements of a surface level probe and a weighted float, which according to Archimedes' law depends on the density of the water. The displacements are simultaneously measured using a high-accuracy magnetostrictive sensor, to which a custom electronic board provides a wir...

The key elements in acclimatization aim at securing the oxygen supply to tissues and organs of the body with an optimal oxygen tension of the arterial blood. In acute exposure, ventilation and heart rate are elevated with a minimum reduction in stroke volume. In addition, plasma volume is reduced over 24-48 h to improve the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, and is further improved during a...

Around 250 million people live by the coast, less than 5 m above the sea. Changes in sea level affect people through flooding, when water in rivers cannot flow into the ocean because the sea is too high and when seawater surges onto the land during storms. If the sea water finds its way to farms and reservoirs, it can harm our drinking water and our ability to grow crops. Because of this, knowl...

we measured the impacts of coastal modification on beach erosion and beach retreat conditions, selecting the miankaleh region as an example of a complex high-pressure free zone with high levels of engineering and tourism activity. nine sampling transects, stretching from the shoreline to a 10 meter depth, were defined and 36 sediment samples were collected from the sea bed at depths of 1, 3, 5,...

Sognefjord is formed by a combination of exploitation of rock structure and subaerial and subglacial processes. The fjord system follows zones of rock-structural weakness. Above sea level the landforms are due mainly to subaerial processes, and somewhat surprisingly not to glacial activity. Removal of erosive products and deepening of the fjord below sea level is due to glacial erosion.

New observations of reef accretion from several locations show that in Hawai‘i accretion during early to middle Holocene time occurred in areas where today it is precluded by the wave regime, suggesting an increase in wave energy. Accretion of coral and coralline algae reefs in the Hawaiian Islands today is largely controlled by wave energy. Many coastal areas in the main Hawaiian Islands are p...