Mechanisms of cationic lipid-based nucleic acid delivery are receiving increasing attention, but despite this the factors that determine high or low activity of lipoplexes are poorly understood. This study is focused on the fine structure of cationic lipid-DNA complexes (lipoplexes) and its relevance to transfection efficiency. Monocationic (N-(1-(2,3-dioleoyloxy)propyl),N,N,N-trimethylammonium...

In the title compound {(C3H5N2)[Na(NO3)2]} n , the Na(I) ion is coordinated by eight O atoms from three bidentate nitrate anions and two O atoms from two monodentate nitrate anions, displaying a bicapped trigonal-prismatic geometry. The imidazolium cation is essentially planar (r.m.s. deviation for all non-H atoms = 0.0018 Å). In the crystal, the Na(I) ions are connected by bridging nitrate lig...

Serous cells secrete Cl(-) and HCO(3)(-) and play an important role in airway function. Recent studies suggest that a Cl(-)/HCO(3)(-) anion exchanger (AE) may contribute to Cl(-) secretion by airway epithelial cells. However, the molecular identity, the cellular location, and the contribution of AEs to Cl(-) secretion in serous epithelial cells in tracheal submucosal glands are unknown. The goa...

The Raman and infrared spectra of a series of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids ([C2-4MIM][BF4]) are reported and analyzed using Density Functional Theory (DFT) and RHF methods at the 6-311+G(2d,p) computational level. The B3LYP (DFT) and RHF calculations reproduce the vibrational spectra of 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate [EMIM][BF4], 1-propyl-3-methyl ...

Water wettability of Si/SiO2 surfaces was controlled by the formation of SAMs terminating in 1-alkyl3-(3-silylpropyl)imidazolium ions and the anion exchange on the surfaces (“direct anion exchange”). The exchange was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the water wettability was measured as a water contact angle by contact angle goniometry. We found that anions played a great role...

Palladium nanoparticles were captured onto spherical silica particles using a molecular band composed of imidazolium chloride and urea moieties to form raspberry-like Pd@SiO2 composites, which can be recovered and reused without any loss of catalytic activity in Suzuki-Miyaura coupling.

The ionic liquids 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([EMIM][BF4]) and 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([PMIM][BF4]) were studied by H,H-NOESY NMR using a cross-relaxation matrix analysis. Cross-peak intensities are seen to increase with increasing mixing time. Experimental and theoretical hydrogen-hydrogen distances are in agreement at short mixing times (50 ms). Mixi...

To evaluate the superiority of using a task-specific onium salt (TSOS), a novel TSOS reagent 1-methyl-3-[2-(8-quinolinylaminosulfonyl)ethyl]imidazolium chloride (HmimesqCl) was synthesized, and its performance in extraction of different divalent metal cations was investigated. This TSOS reagent has both a cationic imidazolium unit and an anionic (proton-dissociable) complexation unit for the ex...

With the use of an alkaliphilic bacterium, Corynebacterium humireducens MFC-5, this study investigated the reduction of goethite (α-FeOOH) and degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) mediated by different humic substances (humics) and quinones in alkaline conditions (pH of 9.0). The results indicated that (i) using sucrose as the electron donor, the strain MFC-5 was capable of red...

Water transfer issues related to unbalanced ionic strengths in aqueous organic redox flow batteries (AORFBs) are often overlooked. In this work, a simple strategy based on the addition of weak acid negolyte was studied prevent osmosis AORFBs. Ferrocyanide [Fe(CN)6]4- and anthraquinone-2,7-disulfonic disodium salt (AQDS) were used as positive negative active materials, respectively, aspartic cho...