THES P A C E P R O B L E M S of large collections as well as those of libraries that have almost reached their capacity are obvious. What has been belatedly recognized are the signscant secondary problems and costs that are involved. Collections containing a significant number of necessary but little-used books are an impediment to the patrons’ accessibility to titles. Such collections increase...

Farming organic vegetable and crops have grown as a market desiring commodity. Weed control in farms has been costly and laborous and it has always been hard to achieve a proper weeding. A few chemicals are commonly applied in organic farming. Thermal weeding with flame burners seems a good solution; however, it has its own drawbacks, such as; damaging the main crops, low performance, being inf...

Highlights Recent research and development efforts center around developing smaller, portable robotic weeding systems. Deep learning methods have resulted in accurate, fast, robust weed detection identification. Additional key technologies under include precision actuation multi-vehicle planning. Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Automated systems, weeding, Weed control.

Plant breeders have generated many crop varieties that resist insects and pathogens through improved arsenals of bioactive natural compounds. More recently, molecular biologists have produced highly successful virusand insect-resistant crops by introduction of transgenes that ultimately protect crops by means of natural polypeptides. Herbicides have been the largest segment of the pesticide mar...

The field experiment was conducted on Agronomy research farm of Acharya Narendra Deva University Agriculture and Technology Kumarganj Ayodhya (Uttar Pradesh, India) during Kharif season 2021 2022. laid out in split-plot-design with three replications. Four establishment methods viz., Direct seeded rice, Drum seeder technique, Transplanted rice System intensification (SRI) were taken main plot, ...