background over the last decade there has been an increase in healthcare expenditures while at the same time the inequity in distribution of resources has grown. these two issues have urged the researchers to review the determinants of healthcare expenditures. in this study, we surveyed the determinants of health expenditures in economic cooperation organization (eco) countries.   methods we us...

A health care demand model is estimated for each province in Pakistan to explain the outpatient visits to government hospitals over the period 1989–2006. The explanatory variables include the number of government hospitals per capita, doctors’ fee per visit at a private clinic, income per capita, the average price of medicine and the number of outpatient visits per capita in the previous period...

The Nonlinear Relationship Between Terrorism and Poverty Byline: Poverty and Terrorism Walter Enders and Gary A. Hoover The fact that most terrorist attacks are staged in low income countries seems to support the notion that poverty causes terrorism. Certainly, economic theory suggests that it would be easier for a terrorist group to recruit low-income or unemployed individuals since they have ...

the underground economy has long been of interest to economists and has devoted extensive studies to itself in economic literature. through fuzzy logic approach in present research, we estimated the size of underground economy of iran over the period of 1978-2010. for this purpose and according to theoretical bases and previous studies, variables such as gdp per capita, ratio of direct taxes to...

This paper re-explores the relation between a country’s level of wealth and the mix of products it exports. It shows how a country’s capabilities i.e., its productivity and quality levels in each good, simultaneously determines both the mix of goods it produces and exports, and its level of gdp per capita. In our multi-product general equilibrium setting, the relation between a country’s qualit...

This study of the impact of economic freedom on per capita real GDP among OECD nations over the 2002-2006 period, with each OECD nation during this time frame being treated as a de facto “economic region” within the OECD, finds strong initial support for the hypothesis proffered here, namely, the higher the degree of economic freedom, the higher the level of economic activity and hence the high...

The distribution of income related health inequalities appears to exhibit changing patterns when both developing countries and developed countries are examined. This paper tests for the existence of a health Kuznets' curve; that is, an inverse U-shape pattern between economic developments (as measured by GDP per capita) and income-related health inequalities (as measured by concentration indice...

The underground economy has long been of interest to economists and has devoted extensive studies to itself in economic literature. Through fuzzy logic approach in present research, we estimated the size of underground economy of Iran over the period of 1978-2010. For this purpose and according to theoretical bases and previous studies, variables such as GDP per capita, ratio of direct taxes to...