RECORD LOW CONFIDENCE LEVELS: Workers who say they are very confident about having enough money for a comfortable retirement this year hit the lowest level in 2009 (13 percent) since the Retirement Confidence Survey started asking the question in 1993, continuing a two-year decline. Retirees also posted a new low in confidence about having a financially secure retirement, with only 20 percent n...

 For all age groups above 65, Social Security remains the primary source of income. In 2009, households ages 65–74 and households with members age 85 or above received 54 percent and 66 percent of their total household incomes, respectively, from Social Security benefits.  The importance of Social Security income increases with age. For households that had members ages 65– 69 in 2001, the sha...

Introduction:  On  the  basis  of  percent  depth  dose  (PDD)  calculation,  the  application  of  dosimetry  in  radiotherapy  has  an  important  role  to  play  in  reducing  the  chance  of  tumor  recurrence. The aim of this study is to introduce a new formula for calculating the centeral axis  percent depth doses of Cobalt-60 beam.   Materials and Methods: In the present study, based on ...

UNLABELLED DETERMINING THOSE "AT RISK" OF INSUFFICIENT RETIREMENT INCOME: The analysis in this paper was designed to answer two questions: 1) What percentage of U.S. households became "at risk" of insufficient retirement income as a result of the financial market and real estate crisis in 2008 and 2009? 2) Of those who are at risk, what additional savings do they need to make each year until re...

A macroeconometric model is used to examine possible causes of the 2008-2009 U.S. recession. The results suggest that about 30 percent of the recession so far (through 2008:4) is due to four unexplained shocks to the nondurable and durable consumption equations, 21 percent to the fall in equity wealth, 8 percent to the fall in housing wealth, 19 percent to import price shocks, and 22 percent to...