Does birthright citizenship boost immigrant children’s educational participation and success? We address this question relying on a reform of the German naturalization law in 1999 that entitled children born after January 1, 2000 to birthright citizenship. We isolate the impact of birthright citizenship by comparing children born shortly before and shortly after the cutoff in years of policy ch...

The first attempt by man at classical biological control of an arthropod pest was a spectacular success. The cottony cushion scale (Icerya purchasi Maskell) program in California over the period 1877-1879 was the first scientifically and institutionally backed biological control program. Foreign exploration by Arthur Koebele, resulted in the importation and release of two natural enemies, the v...

We present spectroscopic follow-up observations of galaxies from the Munich Near-Infrared Cluster Survey (MUNICS). MUNICS is a wide-field medium-deep K 0-band-selected survey covering 1 deg2 in the near-infrared K 0 and J passbands, and 0.35 deg2 in I , R, V , and, recently completed, B. The spectroscopic sample comprises observations of objects down to a limit of K 0 17:5 in five survey fields...

The year 2000 problem posed a difficult problem for many IT shops world wide. The most difficult part of the problem was not the actual changes to ensure compliance, but finding and classifying the data fields that represent dates. This is a problem well suited to design recovery. This paper presents an overview of LS/2000, a system that used design recovery to analyze source code for year 2000...

Foreword Forward to be supplied by ISO and ITU.

With the increasing use of multimedia technologies, image compression requires higher performance as well as new functionality. To address this need in the specific area of still image encoding, a new standard is currently being designed: JPEG2000. We will see in this paper what the exact goals are of this future standard, which applications it addresses and the current standardisation process....

At low bit rates, image compression codecs based on overlapping transforms introduce spurious oscillations known as ringing artifacts in the vicinity of major edges. Unlike previous works, we present a maximum-likelihood approach to the ringingartifact removal problem. Our approach employs a parameter-estimation method based on the -means algorithm with the number of clusters determined by a cl...

In many applications, the amount and resolution of digital images have significantly increased over the past few years. For this reason, there is a growing interest for techniques allowing to efficiently browse and seek information inside such huge data spaces. JPEG 2000, the latest compression standard from the JPEG committee, has several interesting features to handle very large images. In th...

With the increasing use of multimedia technologies and mobile devices, also increases the applications which purpose is to offer information or to do advertising by means of the sending of images or videos. In this paper, we approach a digital tourist guide scene in which mobile devices with limited resources need to receive multimedia information across a wireless connection. Also we approache...

In this paper an empirical evaluation of the lossy compression properties of the JPEG2000 standard for watermarking and fingerprinting purposes is performed. The JPEG2000 standard is used as a basic tool for determining both how and where the embedded watermark should be placed in the image. The original image is slightly modified in order to generate a similar image (but indistinguishable by t...