background self-esteem is a stable sense of personal worthiness. there is insufficient evidence from the available research to fully determine the relationship between self-esteem and early trauma. objectives this is a correlational study aims to investigate the relationship between early traumas as a predictor of negative self-esteem by controlling the effect of maladaptive schemas in 11-13 ye...

this research develops a two-level model based on hypotheses, which concern relationships among role ambiguity, role conflict, job involvement and salesperson performance at individual level and collective sale self efficacy, customer orientation and competitive climate at sale unit level in iranian food industry. data was drawn from 482 sales people in 30 companies , using a 51-item self-repor...

the aim of this study was investigating the relationship of humor styles, emotional intelligence and social competence in university students of tehran. the sample of this descriptive-correlational study included 395 students (196 male and 199 female) from faculties of technical sciences and humanities in universities of tehran, shahid beheshti and kharazmi who were selected through cluster ran...

BACKGROUND If delusions serve as a defense mechanism in schizophrenia patients with paranoia, then they should show normal or high explicit self-esteem and low implicit self-esteem. However, the results of previous studies are inconsistent. One possible explanation for this inconsistency is that there are two types of paranoia, "bad me" (self-blaming) paranoia and "poor me" (non-self-blaming) p...

The Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, and Schwartz, 1998) has become a widely used method of measuring individuals’ implicit preferences based on the speed of sorting words or images into respective categories in a computerized task. Age IATs have been used to ascertain implicit preference judgments towards young and old faces and to compare these ratings with explicit, self-re...