Ed Lewis, who died on 21 July aged 86, was an example of that rare and underfunded breed, the scientific loner. From the moment he arrived at Caltech in August 1939, bringing his own project with him, to the last years of his life, feted and honoured as a Nobel laureate, he pursued his own ideas, working for the most part alone. Early on in his career he became convinced that he had evidence to...

©2010 Association of Schools of Public Health In addition to being the first major pandemic of the modern post-germ-theory era, the devastating influenza pandemic of 1918–1919 was also the first to be widely photographed. In army camps and cantonments, in hospitals, and in streets and workplaces across the nation, photographers aimed their lenses and captured a nation struggling to deal with th...

The epidemiological mechanisms behind the W-shaped age-specific influenza mortality during the Spanish influenza (H1N1) pandemic 1918-19 have yet to be fully clarified. The present study aimed to develop a formal hypothesis: tuberculosis (TB) was associated with the W-shaped influenza mortality from 1918-19. Three pieces of epidemiological information were assessed: (i) the epidemic records con...

our troops, first appears in the medical returns of the East Persian Forces on May 27, 1918, when a case was reported from Meshed. Twenty-two cases were reported from Meshed up to the end of August 1918, when the small epidemic subsided. Twenty-five cases were reported from Turbat-i-Haidari up to the end of September 1918, the first admission being on June 7, 1918. This small town lies about 84...

In contrast to 2009, the 1918 influenza pandemic was a defining infectious disease event for a generation (1). Even during a period when epidemic polio and smallpox were common, the sharp spikes in mortality attributable to influenza that occurred between mid-1918 and 1920 stood out in every population for which reliable data are available (2). However, it was not only the number of deaths that...

The purpose of the research is to define how much grain, according calculations German and Ukrainiangovernment experts, Ukraine could have exported in first half 1918.The scientific novelty seen fact that for time historical science, actual material on thetopic systematized analyzed, conclusions generalizations are reasoned.Consideration topic leads following conclusions. Until 1914, Ukrainian ...

iranian species of the leafhopper genus neoaliturus distant, 1918 (n. alboflavovittatus (lindberg), n. decemocellatus (dlabola); n. dubiosus (matsumura), n. fenestratus (herrich-schäffer), n. guttulatus (kirschbaum), n. haematoceps (mulsant and rey), n. opacipennis (lethierry), n. pulcher (haupt); n. tenellus (baker)) are reviewed. detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations and a key...