We have investigated the effect of pressure on imidazolium C-H---O interactions in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide (EMI(+)TFSA(-))/L64 and EMI(+)TFSA(-)/1,4-dioxane mixtures. The addition of Pluronic L64 to EMI(+)TFSA(-) leads to appreciable changes in band frequencies and shapes of the imidazolium C-H stretching bands. A possible explanation is the formation of C-...

Introduction 1,4-Dioxane is used mainly as a stabilizer for 1,1,1-trichloroethane for transport in aluminum containers. It is an irritant to eyes and respiratory system and suspected of causing damage to nervous system, liver, and kidneys.1 In 2008, testing sponsored by the U.S. Organic Consumers Association found dioxane in almost half of tested organic personal-care products.1 Of the total 1....

The influence of temperature and solvent effects on the reduction and amination mechanisms of iodomethane by lithium N,N-diisopropylaminoborohydride (iPr-LAB) was examined in varying concentrations of THF and dioxane. The reactions of benzyl chloride and trimethylsilyl chloride with iPr-LAB in THF were also studied. The amination of iodomethane is favored over reduction at low and room temperat...

Condensation of 3beta-hydroxy-16-[(4-chlorophenyl)methylene]androst-5-en-17-one (1) with hydrazine hydrate in acetic acid afforded N-acetyl pyrazoline derivative 2, while condensation of 1 with semicarbazide afforded compound 3. Also, compound 1 was treated with hydrazine hydrate in absolute methanol or ethanol to afford the corresponding alpha-methoxy (4) and alpha-ethoxy (5) derivatives, whic...

Cationic and anionic species of heavier low-valent group 14 elements are intriguing targets in main group chemistry due to their synthetic potential and industrial applications. In the present study, we describe the synthesis of cationic (MCl(+)) and anionic (MCl(3)(-)) species of heavier low-valent group 14 elements of germanium(II) and tin(II) by using the substituted Schiff base 2,6-diacetyl...

Solvent effects play a very important role in photochemical reactions and energy transfer processes in solution; however, these effects are rarely mentioned in the triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) upconversion fluorescence experiments. In a typical TTA upconversion system of a photosensitizer of diiodo-Bodipy (I2-Bodipy) and a triplet acceptor of perylene, five common inert solvents, hexane, ...

Silybum marianum is a medicinal plant used widely for treating liver diseases. The silymarin, a mixture of three flavolignan isomers namely silybin (1), silydianin (2), and silychristin (3) is an active constituent of the plant. However, silybin containing 1, 4-dioxane ring is the most potent antihepatotoxic agent. In contrast, other isomers do not possess 1, 4-dioxane ring, and thus do not exh...

1,4-Dioxane adsorbs on Pd(111) at 80 K to form an overlayer saturating at an exposure of ~4 L (1 L=1×10−6 Torr s) and desorbs with a peak centered at ~268 K in temperature-programmed desorption. Multilayer growth commences for exposures >2 L suggesting that they form before the monolayer is completed. The multilayers desorb at ~160 K. Reflection–absorption infrared spectroscopy of both normal a...

In this study, two methods are developed for the extraction of 1,4-dioxane (dioxane) from water using 80-microm carboxen-polydimethylsiloxane solid-phase microextraction fibers followed by either gas chromatography (GC)-flame ionization detection (FID) or GC-mass spectrometry (MS). With GC-FID, the lower limit of detection (LOD) for 1,4-dioxane is 2.5 microg/L (ppb) with a linear range of 5 to ...

The first stable 2-germadisilaallene was synthesized by the reduction of a 2 ratio 1 mixture of a stable dialkylsilylene and dichlorogermylene-dioxane complex with KC8; the 2-germadisilaallene showed dynamic disorder similar to the corresponding trisilaallene in the solid state.