In the present work, various objective functions were formulated and optimized using mixed integer nonlinear programming generalized reduced gradient method from solver tool of Microsoft® Excel 2016, respectively. The CH3FO2, C2H4F2O, CH2F2O2, CH2F2O, C3H4F2, C2H2F2O molecules found to meet structural feasibility constraints physical properties refrigerant have not previously been reported in l...

Abstract. National greenhouse gas inventories (GHGIs) are submitted annually to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). They estimated in compliance with Intergovernmental Panel (IPCC) methodological guidance using activity data, emission factors and facility-level measurements. For some sources, outputs from these calculations very uncertain. Inverse modelling techn...

HFCI34a was selected for the alternative refrigerant for CFC12 because of its excellent properties like thermodynamics. But there were several problems like immiscibilitiy with oil to replace CFC12 by HFC134a. In order to solve these problems, we developed new polyol ester refrigeration oil which had good miscibility with HFC134a and excellent thermal stability and lubricity as well. To apply p...

This paper presents irreversibility analysis using experimental data from vapor compression chiller system R22, R407C, R404A and R-134A as working fluids. The operated under cycling condition, which allowing the water to circulate in evaporator recording every ten minutes. Further, study was conducted at different ambient temperature identify parameter that cause energy deterioration. findings ...

The frrst part of this paper presents carbon dioxide air conditioning units which were installed in two city buses. The two buses were tested "on-the-road" during summer 1997 in Bad Hersfeld, Germany. By the end of 1997, the air condition systems of the two buses had been running together for more than 860 hours proving that C02 systems fulfill important on-the-road requirements. In the second ...

Gas hydrate slurries, which are prepared using solid hydrates and water, effective secondary refrigerants with a high latent heat of fusion could be used to reduce global warming. The application these slurries requires knowledge their flow characteristics in good poor states. In the present work, properties R-134a R-32 gas circulating loop tube were investigated Rabinowitsch–Mooney equation es...

Refrigerant blends and pure refrigerants have wide applicability in thermal engineering. One of the critical parameters in the design and evaluation of thermal equipment is the heat transfer coefficient, which can be difficult to determine for refrigerants that undergo phase change within the equipment. For pure refrigerants, classical experimental relations developed by Gungor and Winterton (G...