rearing conditions such as density, temperature, water quality, and frequency of feeding are among the most important factors affecting fish growth in aquaculture. therefore, this study was done to evaluate effects of interaction between temperature and feeding frequency on the growth of juveniles caspian roach weighting approximately 0.5 ± 0.05 g during 45 days. juvenile fish were reared at fo...

changes of ions (na+, cr, k+), osmolarity and water concentration of body tissue, size and number of gill chloride cells as well as mortality percentage of the juveniles caspian roaches in weight groups of0.2, 0.5 & 1g water satiny stress were studied. the salinities tested  were 0 (fesh water), 7, 12.5 & 16g/lit and the assessments were completed 0, 12, 24, 48 & 72 hours after exposure. result...

The effect of the consumption of ethanol (5%) on retinol concentration in milk was studied in the rat on day 12 after delivery, together with the evolution of dam body weight and pup growth rate. Female Wistar rats receiving alcohol (5%) in drinking water during lactation (N = 7) were compared to normal controls fed ad libitum (N = 6). The mean maternal alcohol intake was 3.96 +/- 0.23 g/kg bod...

Male C57BL/6 mice of 12, 19, and 24 months of age received injections of low (25 micrograms 100 g-1 body weight) or high (50 micrograms 100 g-1 body weight) doses of Salmonella typhosa endotoxin and were exposed to ambient temperatures below (24 degrees C) or within (30 degrees C) the thermoneutral zone. Old mice (19 and 24 months) developed initial fevers followed by hypothermia in response to...

The amounts of water, carbohydrate and salt that athletes are advised to ingest during exercise are based upon their effectiveness in attenuating both fatigue as well as illness due to hyperthermia, dehydration or hyperhydration. When possible, fluid should be ingested at rates that most closely match sweating rate. When that is not possible or practical or sufficiently ergogenic, some athletes...

BACKGROUND A small number of studies have shown a significant reduction in HbA1c, weight and total daily insulin dose when a glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue was added in type 2 diabetes patients already on insulin treatment. Therefore, in a clinical setting, we investigated the effect of adding GLP-1 analogues in patients with type 2 diabetes already using insulin with respect to glyca...

this study aimed to evaluate the effects of prebiotic immunoster on growth and nutrition performance, survival rate and body composition and intestine bacterial flora of common carp (cyprinus carpio) fingerlings. 15 fish with initial weight 12 + 1 g distributed in 12 tanks and fed with different dietary levels of prebiotic (0.5, 1.5, 2.5 g/kg diet) for 60 days. at the end of experimental period...

Using deuterium oxide dilution technique, the total body water changes of five infants maintained on total parenteral nutrition have been determined. While average weight gains of from 14 to 53 g/day were documented, there were decreases in percentage total body water from 13 to 50%. These data taken together support tissue accretion rather than water retention as the mechanism of weight gain i...

Climate change has altered the phenological timing of plants across globe. These changes are especially concerning for with small distributions and in unique ecological sites. Here, we examined phenology respect to temperature year over a 125-yr span 12 herbaceous species native lowlands New Jersey Pine Barrens using herbarium specimens citizen science observations. Among early summer flowering...