OBJECTIVES Section 136 of the Mental Health Act 1983 empowers the police to detain those suspected of being mentally ill in public places, and convey them to a place of safety. In practice, accident and emergency (A&E) departments are often used. The authors assessed levels of knowledge of section 136 between A&E doctors, senior nurses, and police constables. METHODS Doctors and senior nurses...

Since the advent of the network era, different countries adopted different stance on maintaining social order in cyber space; soft, strong, or medium. In China, as in some other countries in the same group, a tough approach has been taken from the beginning. The purpose of this article is, by studying a series of legal actions against cyber crime, to explore in to the Chinese model of regulatio...

OBJECTIVES Although social science research has examined police and law enforcement-perpetrated discrimination against Black men using policing statistics and implicit bias studies, there is little quantitative evidence detailing this phenomenon from the perspective of Black men. Consequently, there is a dearth of research detailing how Black men's perspectives on police and law enforcement-rel...

BACKGROUND To investigate whether sharing and linking routinely collected violence data across health and criminal justice systems can provide a more comprehensive understanding of violence, establish patterns of under-reporting and better inform the development, implementation and evaluation of violence prevention initiatives. METHODS Police violence with injury (VWI) crimed data and emergen...

conclusions better understanding of the effectiveness and efficiency mechanism and having valid evaluation required considering specific theories and points in this field. applying a dynamic approach with considering epidemiological concepts and sophisticated statistical models could improve quality of studies in this field. results from a total of 797 articles, 20 were eligible which among the...

introduction: motorcycling is a risky activity and motorcyclists are vulnerable to road accidents. the behavior of motorcyclists is a significant factor of accident. unfortunately there is little information regarding social and mental characteristics of motorcyclists which lead to the accident. the purpose of this study was to gain an in-depth qualitative understanding of reasons for riding a ...

Social media has emerged as a promising resource for police to connect with citizens for collective action. However the attributes of police citizen interactions on social media remain under-explored. In this paper, we utilise official and public Facebook pages of several police departments in India to study the patterns of engagement, emotions, and social processes between citizens and police ...

BACKGROUND Police work tends to impose a high degree of stress and a multiplicity of stressful situations which can affect the physical, mental and interpersonal relationships of police personnel. The objective of the present study was to assess the level of stress among police personnel and to find the association of various factors with the level of stress among police personnel. METHOD A c...

Until a few decades ago, the police were mainly a reactive bureaucratic organization that moved from one criminal event to the next, according to the degree to which the outside world required its services. Since then the police have abandoned the emphasis on law enforcement with regards to petty crime and public order. More recently the police have developed community policing as an important ...